Safety Bus Routing for the Transportation of Pupils to School

Solving school bus routing problem with mixed-load allowance for multiple schools

“…A combination of artificial ant colony and variable neighborhood local search algorithms was designed to solve an urban SBRP in Great Tunis. Chalkia et al (2016) presented a "safe map" theory for managing both pedestrian-routing and school-bus-routing problems, where pedestrians were provided with a safe walking route from homes to bus stops, and buses were also provided with a reliable route for commuting to and from the school.…”

A layered network formulation for the safe walking route design problem

“…In the school bus routing problems, risk and safety issues have not been sufficiently focused in the objectives and constraints. Chalkia et al (2016) seems to be the first that has fully addressed safety issues in the school bus routing problem. They take specific road conditions such as visibility, lighting, traffic flow and traffic speed into consideration, and allocate safety parameters into links and nodes of road networks using these conditions, and consider the problems of pedestrian routing and school bus routing.…”

“…They take specific road conditions such as visibility, lighting, traffic flow and traffic speed into consideration, and allocate safety parameters into links and nodes of road networks using these conditions, and consider the problems of pedestrian routing and school bus routing. While the risk objective is considered in Chalkia et al (2016), the notion of risk is different from that in the current problem. We consider the risk associated with the total distance children have to walk alone.…”

Metaheuristics for the school bus routing problem

“…Limited research exists on student safety in transportation. Chalkia et al (2016) address this gap by introducing a new method for safer and more efficient transportation of students to and from school. The method involves creating a safety map that assigns risk safety features to considered arcs and nodes, considering criteria like traffic flow, speed, and road lighting.…”

“…Safety considerations are closely linked to factors such as the vehicle type (e.g., bus type), waiting/walking area, and local conditions (such as snow restrictions) (Chalkia et al, 2016).…”