Safety effects of exclusive and concurrent signal phasing for pedestrian crossing

Zhang, Yaohua; Mamun, Sha A.; Ivan, John N.; Равишанкер, Налини; Haque, Khademul

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.06.010

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Hediyeh et al [9] conducted a more detailed study and analyzed the pedestrian gait parameters influenced by gender, age, group size, crosswalk length, and pedestrian signal indication and understood how the pedestrian walking mechanism is affected by intersection characteristics from the micro level. Considering both efficiency and safety aspects, many studies [2,10] have analyzed the setting condition of EPP, but most of them have not considered the pedestrian-vehicle interaction factor. Different pedestrian-vehicle interaction mechanisms will affect the implementation effect of EPP [10].…”

Section: Brief Review On Epp and Pedestrian-vehicle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering both efficiency and safety aspects, many studies [2,10] have analyzed the setting condition of EPP, but most of them have not considered the pedestrian-vehicle interaction factor. Different pedestrian-vehicle interaction mechanisms will affect the implementation effect of EPP [10]. Scholars at home and abroad have found that traffic environment factors [11,12], pedestrian factors [1,9,[13][14][15], and vehicle factors [12,16] will affect the pedestrian-vehicle interaction mechanism at signalized intersections.…”

Section: Brief Review On Epp and Pedestrian-vehicle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditions for Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phases at Two-Phase Signalized Intersections considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction

Wang

Yang

Zhao

2021

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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In order to analyze the effectiveness of setting exclusive pedestrian phase (EPP) under different vehicle yielding rates, the effect of EPPs on traffic efficiency is studied and a setting condition of EPP considering pedestrian-vehicle interaction is proposed in this paper. First, the main factors influencing the behavior of vehicles and pedestrians during pedestrian-vehicle interaction are analyzed, and a pedestrian-vehicle interaction (PVI) model at the crosswalk of urban road is established. Second, assuming that vehicle arrival obeys the Poisson distribution, the delay models of vehicle passengers and pedestrians crossing the street at the intersection are established, and taking the total delay of traffic participants as the main index, the setting condition of EPP are proposed. Third, based on the video of pedestrian-vehicle interaction at crosswalks, the parameters of the proposed model are calibrated. Through sensitivity analysis, the change of the total delay of traffic participants is analyzed under different conditions of pedestrian and vehicle arrival rates. Finally, by introducing pedestrian-vehicle interaction rules, a cellular automata (CA) simulation platform of pedestrian-vehicle interaction in crosswalk is established; based on the field data of Shanghai, a simulation model of intersection is established, and the total delay, queue length, and vehicle throughput under conventional signal control plan and EPP plan are compared. The results show that the pedestrian-vehicle interaction process has a great influence on the total delay of traffic participants at intersections, and pedestrian-vehicle interaction should be considered in the setting conditions of EPP. Under the same condition of vehicular flow, the more the pedestrian flow is, the smaller the delay increment will be. The higher the vehicle yielding rate is, the smaller the delay increment will be after setting EPP.

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Section: Brief Review On Epp and Pedestrian-vehicle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brief Review On Epp and Pedestrian-vehicle Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions for Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phases at Two-Phase Signalized Intersections considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction

Wang

Yang

Zhao

2021

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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“…Exclusive pedestrian phases protect pedestrians from all vehicular conflicts and can be especially useful where there is a heavy demand for diagonal crossings. Their main drawback is the large amount of lost time they add to a signal cycle, which either makes its application infeasible or, where feasible, forces the cycle length to become much longer, increasing delay to vehicles and pedestrians alike ( 2 – 4 ). The long waiting time that exclusive phases force on pedestrians can actually work counter to pedestrian safety by inducing pedestrians to walk against signal ( 2 , 4 ).…”

Section: Signalization Techniques With Full or Partial Crossing Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Through Intervals versus Leading Pedestrian Intervals: More Protection with Less Capacity Impact

Furth

Razavi

2019

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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When pedestrian, bike crossings, or both are concurrent with a vehicular phase, leading through intervals (LTI) and leading pedestrian intervals (LPI) are signalization techniques that provide a partially protected crossing. With LPI, for a short interval at the start of the crossing phase all traffic is held, enabling some pedestrians to arrive at the conflict zone and thus reinforce their priority before turning vehicles are released. LTI functions similarly except that during the leading interval only turning traffic is held; through traffic is allowed to run. This lessens the negative effect on capacity of LPI, and consequently allows LTI to have a longer leading interval, thus affording pedestrians and cyclists greater protection. Experience of LTI in the cities of Montreal, New York, and Charlotte is reviewed. A model is developed to estimate capacity loss from using LPI and LTI for a range of scenarios in which right turns share a lane with through traffic, in which case LTI can indirectly block through vehicles positioned behind a turning vehicle. While LTI’s capacity loss increases with the proportion of right turns, for the wide range of right turn proportions tested, it is still far lower than the capacity loss for an LPI of the same length, especially on multilane approaches.

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“…In contrast to (Yannis et al, 2013) found that distance from the oncoming vehicle was a better determinant for gap acceptance, rather than the vehicle's speed. Other effects associated with the accepted gaps were found as presence of illegally parked vehicles, presence of other pedestrians, and oncoming vehicle's size (Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Pedestrian Crossings and Injuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedestrians’ Role in Road Accidents

2017

ijtte

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Nearly 1.3 million people die in road crashes each year, on average 3,287 deaths a day. In 2013 in European Union more than 22 % of all who died in road traffic crashes were pedestrians. The number of pedestrians killed on roads in the EU has decreased by only 11 %, compared to the total fatality decrease of 18 % from 2010 to 2013. Of all pedestrian fatalities, 69 % are killed inside urban areas. This paper reviews the literature concerning pedestrian-motor vehicle collision and road safety management according to pedestrian role in accident rise. Paper examine pedestrians safety in order to determine what kind of factors of transport infrastructure, vehicle technical parameters, pedestrian behaviour and road or street category have the influence on pedestrian and vehicle accidents and identify technical reasons of accidents rise. Pedestrians crossing, crossing selection, crossing design and waiting times present the pedestrian role in accident according to road situation. A review is conducted of information in the literature on the injury outcome of a pedestrian/vehicle collision for a given impact speed and the likely consequences of reducing the travelling speeds of vehicles in terms of the frequency and severity of pedestrian injuries. Technical information found gives the opportunity to improve accident reconstruction cases and technical parameters, also it let to identify road infrastructure problems and pedestrian behaviour in road.

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Safety effects of exclusive and concurrent signal phasing for pedestrian crossing

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Conditions for Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phases at Two-Phase Signalized Intersections considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction

Conditions for Setting Exclusive Pedestrian Phases at Two-Phase Signalized Intersections considering Pedestrian-Vehicle Interaction

Leading Through Intervals versus Leading Pedestrian Intervals: More Protection with Less Capacity Impact

Pedestrians’ Role in Road Accidents

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