Safety mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries

Balakrishnan, Prabhuraj; Ramesh, R.; Kumar, T. Prem

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.002

Cited by 1,032 publications

(641 citation statements)

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“…23,24,26,40,41 If the alternative electrolyte composition is utilized in batteries with a working potential below 4.5 V vs. Li/Li + , one approach is to maintain the solvent and substitute only the salt. The main limitations of LiPF 6 containing electrolytes are depicted in the limited chemical stability toward protons originating from trace amounts of water in the electrolyte or from oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte, 38,39 which can cause the formation of the detrimental HF [42][43][44] as well as the thermal stability which is limited to 55…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, conductive salts possessing an imide group have been investigated and compared to LiPF 6 . 55 One of the most investigated salts in this class is lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LITFSI).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Therefore with regard to the anodic dissolution behavior it can be stated that both methide salts show very similar properties while behaving differently to LiTFSI as well as to LiPF 6 . The results indicate that both salts show anodic dissolution of the aluminum current collector but considerably less than LiTFSI.…”

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Electrochemical Performance and Thermal Stability Studies of Two Lithium Sulfonyl Methide Salts in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes

Murmann

Schmitz

Nowak

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrolyte solutions, containing the lithium sulfonyl methide salts lithium-tris(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)methide (LiTFSM) and lithium-[bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-pentafluoroethylsulfonyl]methide (LiPFSM) dissolved in organic carbonate solvents, were electrochemically investigated in Li/graphite, Li/LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 (NCM) half-cells and compared to the LiPF 6 based electrolyte with regard to their ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability, thermal stability at 60 • C and the anodic dissolution behavior vs. Al. While the investigated salts show almost the same performance in Li/graphite half-cells compared to the LiPF 6 containing electrolyte, the methide salts show very promising results in Li/NCM half-cells, which depict superior capacity retention as well as higher Coulombic efficiencies compared to the LiPF 6 containing electrolyte. Taking the limited anodic stability as well as the occurring anodic dissolution into account, both salts but especially LiTFSM indicate the applicability in lithium ion battery electrolytes for cells with a cutoff potential up to 4. In the last 25 years the demand for lithium-ion batteries has grown tremendously. As a consequence, fundamental research has been carried out regarding the improvement and understanding of technological and safety related aspects. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Individual applications demand specifically tailored batteries in order to maximize the performance of the device which depicts a great challenge and opportunity for the scientific community to diversify the spectrum of compounds that can be utilized and to adapt the setup in a fast and efficient manner. 9,10 In this respect, the electrolyte, as a multifunctional battery component, can consist of a wide array of compounds such as different solvents, conductive salts and numerous additives. The combination of various electrolyte compounds opens up the possibility to tailor the electrolyte and thus, to a significant extent, the battery cell performance. 11-14The current state-of-the-art electrolyte composition is comprised of the conductive salt lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) dissolved in a mixture of cyclic (e.g. ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate [15][16][17][18][19] ) and linear carbonates (e.g. dimethyl-, diethyl-and ethyl-methyl carbonate). 11,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25] However, with increasing demands on the electrolyte regarding thermal and/or electrochemical stability, the limitations of such electrolyte mixtures are unraveled. 11,26,27 Alternative electrolyte compositions that depict certain improvements compared to the state-of-the-art electrolyte are still required to fulfil the following properties: a sufficient ionic conductivity to transport the lithium ions, the ability to form an effective solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the graphitic anode 28-37 which enables stable cycling in the low potential range as well as inertness toward aluminum to avoid anodic dissolution of the current collector on the cathode side. 38,39 In addition to performance, more...

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Electrochemical Performance and Thermal Stability Studies of Two Lithium Sulfonyl Methide Salts in Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes

Murmann

Schmitz

Nowak

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…The over-heating problems were caused by the combination of the exothermic electrode reaction and the ion conduction in organic electrolytes. Sometimes the heat ignited the organic electrolytes, resulting in a series of ignition accidents (4). Indeed, in 2007 and 2008, Panasonic and Sony encountered serious recalls of their 46 and 0.1 million Li ion batteries for mobile phones and laptops, respectively (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, previously reported battery configurations *Corresponding author. Email: nishide@waseda.jp with radical polymers and an organic electrolyte, such as poly(2,2,6,6,-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) and an acetonitrile solution containing tetrabutylammonium (18) still retained the potential risk of ignition, thus requiring a built-in safety system like the lithium ion battery (4). This is because the previously reported radical polymers showed a hydrophobic character, not working in aqueous electrolytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%