Safety of continuous human liver support

Millis, J. Michael; Cronin, David; Johnson, Robert A.; Conjeevaram, Hari S.; Brady, Lynda; Trevino, Sharon; Conlin, C; Brotherton, John D.; Traglia, D; Danè, Giulia; Maguire, Patrick

doi:10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02751-2

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In common bioreactors the patient's plasma is separated from the animal cells by semipermeable membranes which prevent the exchange of pathogens but allow free exchange of smaller molecules. However, the transmission of the porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) cannot be totally prevented by these membranes (4–7). Another critical issue in the use of porcine hepatocytes is posed by potential immunological problems.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Bioartificial Liver With Culture of Porcine Hepatocyte Aggregates Under Simulated Microgravity

Hochleitner¹,

Hengster²,

Li³

et al. 2005

Artificial Organs

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An extracorporeal bioartificial liver device could provide vital support to patients suffering from acute liver failure. We designed a novel, customized bioreactor for use as a bioartificial liver (patent pending). The Innsbruck Bioartificial Liver (IBAL) contains aggregates of porcine hepatocytes grown under simulated microgravity. The culture vessel rotates around its longitudinal axis and is perfused by two independent circuits. The circuit responsible for exchange of plasma components with the patient consists of a dialysis tube winding spirally around the internal wall of the culture vessel. IBAL was evaluated in vitro. Viability tests showed sufficient viability of hepatocytes for up to 10 days. Cytologic examination of samples from the bioreactor showed liver cell aggregates. These were also examined by electron microscopy. A number of biochemical parameters were analyzed. In conclusion, cell culture is possible for at least 10 days in the IBAL system, organoid hepatocyte aggregates are formed and synthetic activity of the hepatocytes was demonstrated.

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confidence: 99%

A Novel Bioartificial Liver With Culture of Porcine Hepatocyte Aggregates Under Simulated Microgravity

Hochleitner¹,

Hengster²,

Li³

et al. 2005

Artificial Organs

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Transport Advances in Disposable Bioreactors for Liver Tissue Engineering

Catapano

Patzer

Gerlach

2009

Disposable Bioreactors

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Acute liver failure (ALF) is a devastating diagnosis with an overall survival of approximately 60%. Liver transplantation is the therapy of choice for ALF patients but is limited by the scarce availability of donor organs. The prognosis of ALF patients may improve if essential liver functions are restored during liver failure by means of auxiliary methods because liver tissue has the capability to regenerate and heal. Bioartificial liver (BAL) approaches use liver tissue or cells to provide ALF patients with liver-specific metabolism and synthesis products necessary to relieve some of the symptoms and to promote liver tissue regeneration. The most promising BAL treatments are based on the culture of tissue engineered (TE) liver constructs, with mature liver cells or cells that may differentiate into hepatocytes to perform liver-specific functions, in disposable continuous-flow bioreactors. In fact, adult hepatocytes perform all essential liver functions. Clinical evaluations of the proposed BALs show that they are safe but have not clearly proven the efficacy of treatment as compared to standard supportive treatments. Ambiguous clinical results, the time loss of cellular activity during treatment, and the presence of a necrotic core in the cell compartment of many bioreactors suggest that improvement of transport of nutrients, and metabolic wastes and products to or from the cells in the bioreactor is critical for the development of therapeutically effective BALs. In this chapter, advanced strategies that have been proposed over to improve mass transport in the bioreactors at the core of a BAL for the treatment of ALF patients are reviewed.

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Tissue Engineering Application in General Surgery

Nahmias

Yarmush

Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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Safety of continuous human liver support

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

A Novel Bioartificial Liver With Culture of Porcine Hepatocyte Aggregates Under Simulated Microgravity

A Novel Bioartificial Liver With Culture of Porcine Hepatocyte Aggregates Under Simulated Microgravity

Transport Advances in Disposable Bioreactors for Liver Tissue Engineering

Tissue Engineering Application in General Surgery

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