Safety of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Haar, Gail ter

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49691-3_2

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Pediatric Imaging 2020

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49691-3_2

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Safety of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Gail ter Haar

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2023

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A Review on Biological Effects of Ultrasounds: Key Messages for Clinicians

et al. 2023

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Ultrasound (US) is acoustic energy that interacts with human tissues, thus, producing bioeffects that may be hazardous, especially in sensitive organs (i.e., brain, eye, heart, lung, and digestive tract) and embryos/fetuses. Two basic mechanisms of US interaction with biological systems have been identified: thermal and non-thermal. As a result, thermal and mechanical indexes have been developed to provide a means of assessing the potential for biological effects from exposure to diagnostic US. The main aims of this paper were to describe the models and assumptions used to estimate the “safety” of acoustic outputs and indices and to summarize the current state of knowledge about US-induced effects on living systems deriving from in vitro models and in vivo experiments on animals. This review work has made it possible to highlight the limits associated with the use of the estimated safety values of thermal and mechanical indices relating above all to the use of new US technologies, such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) shear wave elastography (SWE). US for diagnostic and research purposes has been officially declared safe, and no harmful biological effects in humans have yet been demonstrated with new imaging modalities; however, physicians should be adequately informed on the potential risks of biological effects. US exposure, according to the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle, should be as low as reasonably possible.

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A Review on Biological Effects of Ultrasounds: Key Messages for Clinicians

et al. 2023

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Safety of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Cited by 1 publication

References 31 publications

A Review on Biological Effects of Ultrasounds: Key Messages for Clinicians

A Review on Biological Effects of Ultrasounds: Key Messages for Clinicians

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