Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso

Lu, Guangyu; Traoré, Corneille; Meißner, Peter; Kouyaté, Bocar; Kynast‐Wolf, Gisela; Beiersmann, Claudia; Coulibaly, Boubacar; Becher, Heiko; Müller, Olaf

doi:10.1186/s12936-015-1068-6

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The odds of Plasmodium infection were higher in pregnant women who have no habit of ITN usage than those who used nets always. This finding is in line with the fact that effectiveness of insecticide-treated net usage is considered as one of the most important prevention and control tools [18]. In contrast to the findings in this study, the study conducted in Burkina Faso reported no statistically significant association between asymptomatic malaria infection and insecticide-treated nets usage habit [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Asymptomatic malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in malaria endemic areas of North-Shoa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Feleke

Adamu

Gebreweld

et al. 2020

Malar J

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Background: The effort to reduce the burden of malaria should target transmission in the community by accurate identification of asymptomatic infections. In malaria-endemic areas, asymptomatic malaria infection is still associated with complications. Malaria during pregnancy is characterized by anaemia and placental malaria, leading to low birth weight and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to provide reliable data on the burden of asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women in malaria endemic areas of North-Shoa, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the prevalence and predictors of asymptomatic malaria in pregnant women from November 2018 to January 2019. Multistage sampling technique was employed to include 263 study participants. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software. In all comparisons, p-values ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria infection was 5.7% (15/263) and 3.4% (9/263) by using microscopy and RDTs, respectively. Plasmodium falciparum was a dominant species 9 (3.4%) and Plasmodium vivax accounted for 6 (2.3%) of Plasmodium infections as detected by microscopy. Multivariate analysis showed that ITN usage and haemoglobin level had a statistically significant association with Plasmodium infection after adjusting other possible factors. Compared to those who were using ITN always, the odds of Plasmodium infection was 18.16 times higher (95% CI 1.84-179.07) in pregnant women who were not using ITN, and 5.19 times higher (95% CI 0.55-49.21) in pregnant women who were using ITN sometimes. Asymptomatic malaria infected pregnant women were 3.78 times (95% CI 0.98-14.58) more likely to be anaemic compared to non-infected pregnant women. Conclusion: The present study showed asymptomatic malaria is prevalent in pregnant women and it has statistically significance association with the haemoglobin level of pregnant women. This indicates pregnant women have to be screened for asymptomatic malaria to avoid health consequences of malaria infection during pregnancy for the mother and fetus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Asymptomatic malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in malaria endemic areas of North-Shoa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Feleke

Adamu

Gebreweld

et al. 2020

Malar J

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“…The negative effects reported with the use of nets included skin irritations which could be due to non-observance of instructions before their use such as not hanging the treated nets outdoors for 24 h before usage as recommended by the MOH [ 33 ]. Skin-related symptoms such as skin eruption, pruritus and paraesthesia have been noted as side effects from the chemicals used in the treatment of ITNs but these usually last a short period of time [ 34 ]. The practice of having the net outdoors reduces such skin effects that could emerge from their use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated malaria prevention in rural communities in Uganda: a qualitative feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial

Musoke

Namata

Ndejjo

et al. 2021

Pilot Feasibility Stud

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Background A randomised controlled trial (RCT) on integrated malaria prevention, which advocates the use of several malaria prevention methods holistically, has been proposed. However, before conducting an RCT, it is recommended that a feasibility study is carried out to provide information to support the main study, particularly for such a complex intervention. Therefore, a feasibility study for an RCT on integrated malaria prevention in Uganda was conducted. Methods The qualitative study carried out in Wakiso District employed focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) to explore community willingness to participate in the RCT as well as assess stakeholder perspectives on the future study. The participants of the FGDs were community members, while the key informants were selected from malaria stakeholders including Ministry of Health officials, health practitioners, local leaders, district health team members, and community health workers (CHWs). Thematic analysis was employed with the support of NVivo. Results A total of 12 FGDs and 19 KIIs were conducted. Five main themes emerged from the study: malaria prevention practices related to integrated malaria prevention; preferred malaria prevention methods in the integrated approach; potential challenges of integrated malaria prevention; perspectives on the proposed RCT; and sustainability of integrated malaria prevention. Despite a few methods being employed holistically in the community, insecticide-treated nets were the most widely used and preferred method for malaria prevention mainly because they were provided free by the government. The main challenges in the integrated approach were the high cost of some methods such as house screening, and concerns about the potential side effects of insecticide-based methods such as indoor residual spraying. Participants expressed high willingness to participate in the RCT to promote the use of multiple methods in their households and community. Involvement of CHWs during implementation was proposed as a sustainability strategy for the RCT interventions. Conclusion There was high willingness to participate in the proposed RCT on integrated malaria prevention. However, high cost and perceived negative health effects from some methods were identified as potential challenges. The type of methods to be included as well as sustainability mechanisms needs to be considered during the design of the RCT.

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“…For each day post infection, an overall 120-mosquitoes/treatment/mosquito strain were used over 4 replicates for this second bioassay. Permethrin was chosen for this second bioassay because it is the main insecticide used on insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) currently mass distributed in Burkina Faso [ 2 ]. Any mosquito that died, became immobile and/or lost any part of any appendages before being transferred to the insecticide treatment was discarded according to WHOPES, 2013 requirements [ 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2015, malaria infected an estimated 212 million people around the world, killing 429,000, primarily children and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa [ 1 ]. Pyrethroid insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are current mainstays of mosquito control programs and have facilitated impressive reductions in the global malaria burden [ 2 ]. However, these approaches are threatened by increasing resistance to insecticides [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic Metarhizium pingshaense synergistically ameliorates pyrethroid-resistance in wild-caught, malaria-vector mosquitoes

et al. 2018

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Transgenic Metarhizium pingshaense expressing the spider neurotoxin Hybrid (Met-Hybrid) kill mosquitoes faster and at lower spore doses than wild-type strains. In this study, we demonstrate that this approach dovetails with the cornerstone of current malaria control: pyrethroid-insecticides, which are the cornerstone of current malaria control. We used World Health Organization (WHO) tubes, to compare the impact on insecticide resistance of Met-Hybrid with red fluorescent M. pingshaense (Met-RFP), used as a proxy for the wild-type fungus. Insecticides killed less than 20% of Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles gambiae s.s. mosquitoes collected in a malaria endemic region of Burkina Faso where pyrethroid use is common. Seven days post-infection, mortality for insecticide-sensitive and resistant mosquitoes averaged 94% with Met-Hybrid and 64% with Met-RFP, with LT80 values of 5.32±0.199 days and 7.76±0.183 days, respectively. Eighty nine percent of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes exposed to permethrin five days post-infection with Met-Hybrid died within 24 hours: only 22% died from Met-Hybrid alone over this 24-hour period. Compared to Met-RFP, Met-Hybrid also significantly reduced flight capacity of mosquitoes 3 to 5 days post-infection. Based on WHOPES phase I laboratory susceptibility bioassays, transgenic Met-Hybrid provides effective biological control for adult African malaria vectors that may be used to synergistically manage insecticide resistance with current methods.

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Safety of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for infants and their mothers: randomized controlled community trial in Burkina Faso

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Asymptomatic malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in malaria endemic areas of North-Shoa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Asymptomatic malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care in malaria endemic areas of North-Shoa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Integrated malaria prevention in rural communities in Uganda: a qualitative feasibility study for a randomised controlled trial

Transgenic Metarhizium pingshaense synergistically ameliorates pyrethroid-resistance in wild-caught, malaria-vector mosquitoes

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