This review examined effects of structured exercise (aerobic walking,
with or without complementary modes of exercise) on cardiorespiratory measures,
mobility, functional status, healthcare utilization, and Quality of Life in
older adults (≥60 years) hospitalized for acute medical illness.
Inclusion required exercise protocol, at least one patient-level or utilization
outcome, and at least one physical assessment point during hospitalization or
within 1 month of intervention. MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL databases were
searched for studies published from 2000 to March 2015. Qualitative synthesis of
12 articles, reporting on 11 randomized controlled (RCT) and quasi-experimental
studies described a heterogeneous set of exercise programs and reported mixed
results across outcome categories. Methodological quality was independently
assessed by 2 reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool.
Larger, well-designed RCTs are needed, incorporating measurement of pre-morbid
function, randomization with intention-to-treat analysis, examination of a
targeted intervention with pre-defined intensity, and reported adherence and
attrition.