Safety of Oxybenzone: Putting Numbers Into Perspective

Wang, Steven Q.; Burnett, Mark E.; Lim, Henry W.

doi:10.1001/archdermatol.2011.173

Cited by 51 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Wang et al. () used a dose of 1 mg/cm 2 , which they considered to be “a generous in‐use dose.” This would suggest that based on similar plasma levels, the 10,000 ppm dose in the current study is about twofold higher than what might be considered a more typical human dose. All higher doses in this study would be considered to be in excess of typical human exposure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Maternal and Lactational Exposure to 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐Methoxybenzone on Development and Reproductive Organs in Male and Female Rat Offspring

Nakamura

Inselman

White

et al. 2015

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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BACKGROUND 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (HMB) is an ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing compound used in many cosmetic products as a UV-protecting agent and in plastics for preventing UV-induced photodecomposition. HMB has been detected in over 95% of randomly collected human urine samples from adults and from premature infants, and it may have estrogenic potential. METHODS To determine the effects of maternal and lactational exposure to HMB on development and reproductive organs of offspring, time-mated female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed with 0, 1,000, 3,000, 10,000, 25,000, or 50,000 ppm HMB (7-8 per group) added to chow from gestation day 6 until weaning on postnatal day (PND) 23. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Exposure to HMB was associated with reduced body and organ weights in female and male offspring. No significant differences were observed in the number of implantation sites/litter, mean resorptions/litter, % litters with resorptions, number and weights of live fetuses, or sex ratios between the control and HMB dose groups. Normalized anogenital distance in male pups at PND 23 was decreased in the highest dose group. Spermatocyte development was impaired in testes of male offspring in the highest dose group. In females, follicular development was delayed in the highest dose group. However, by evaluating levels of the compound in rat serum, the doses at which adverse events occurred are much higher than usual human exposure levels. Thus, exposure to less than 10,000 ppm HMB does not appear to be associated with adverse effects on the reproductive system in rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Maternal and Lactational Exposure to 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐Methoxybenzone on Development and Reproductive Organs in Male and Female Rat Offspring

Nakamura

Inselman

White

et al. 2015

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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“…44 Questions have been raised about the methodology used, while the topical exposure to UV filters was unrealistically high compared with potential human exposure scenarios. 45 The biological relevance of the oestrogenic effect of UV filters has yet not been fully established and additional long-term studies are required. 46,47 Clinically relevant disturbances of hormone homeostasis have not been observed in humans.…”

Section: Endocrine Effects Of Ultraviolet Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoprotection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people

Surber

Ulrich

Hinrichs³

et al. 2012

British Journal of Dermatology

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SummaryUltraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure from the sun and artificial UV sources has been widely acknowledged as the major culprit for skin cancer and premature skin ageing. Skin cancers are among the most dangerous (cutaneous malignant melanoma) and the most numerous (basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis and invasive squamous cell carcinoma) of all neoplasms in the caucasian population worldwide. Skin cancers therefore have a significant impact on public health and healthcare costs, and will continue to do so. It is obvious that adequate photoprotection -seeking shade, wearing protective clothing and using sunscreens -is the key to reducing the harmful effects of UVR in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised people. This article provides background information on UVR, photoprotection (including the concept of topical sunscreen formulations), associated concerns regarding efficacy and safety, and behavioural and educational aspects of photoprotection and skin cancer prevention in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people. Certain persistent misconceptions and mistakes regarding photoprotection are also addressed.Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure from the sun and artificial UV sources has been widely acknowledged as the major culprit for skin cancer and premature skin ageing.

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“…Beobachtungen aus Tiermodellen deuten außerdem darauf hin, dass organische UV‐Filter auch systemische Nebenwirkungen haben und als endokrine „Disruptoren“ fungieren könnten. Konkret wurden hier für Oxybenzon über östrogenartige und antiandrogene Effekte im Mausmodell berichtet, allerdings nur nach unphysiologisch hohen Expositionen . Immer wieder wird auch diskutiert, ob anorganische Substanzen wie Titanium‐Oxid oder Zink‐Oxid als Nanopartikel (Größe < 100 nm) nach UV‐Exposition zu einer verstärkten Freisetzung von reaktiven Sauerstoffradikalen (reactive oxygen species, ROS) führt .…”

Section: Diskussionunclassified

Das Interesse an Solarien und Sonnenschutz im deutschsprachigen Raum

Kirchberger

Eigentler

et al. 2017

J Deutsche Derma Gesell

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Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die steigende Inzidenz nahezu aller Hautkrebsarten lässt sich durch eine zunehmende Exposition gegenüber natürlicher und künstlicher ultravioletter Strahlung (UV) erklären. Präventionsrelevante Statistiken über Risikoverhalten oder Sonnenschutz sind jedoch rar. Methodik Wir analysierten das Suchverhalten mit der Suchmaschine Google® nach Solarium und Sonnencreme bzw. Sonnenschutz in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz im weltweiten Vergleich von 2004 bis 2016. Dabei werden „Normalized Search Volumes“ (NSV) für die Suchanfragen berechnet und die zugehörigen Polynomfunktionen untereinander und im zeitlichen Verlauf verglichen. Ergebnisse Global nehmen die Suchanfragen nach Solarium seit 2011 deutlich ab und nach Sonnencreme stetig zu. Im deutschsprachigen Raum hingegen können seit Jahren durchgehend mehr Suchanfragen zu Solarium als zu Sonnencreme verzeichnet werden. Hier ist innerhalb eines Jahres ist eine Periodizität der Suchanfragen zu beobachten mit höchsten NSV für Solarium zwischen März und Mai und für Sonnencreme in den Sommermonaten um Juni. Innerhalb Deutschlands zeigen vor allem die Stadtstaaten Hamburg und Berlin besonders hohe NSV für Solarium. Schlussfolgerungen In deutschsprachigen Ländern zeigt sich im weltweiten Vergleich ein auffallend ungünstiges Suchverhalten. Es besteht weiterhin ein hoher Aufklärungs‐ und Präventionsbedarf von Sonnenschutz und Karenz gegenüber künstlicher UV‐Exposition.

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Safety of Oxybenzone: Putting Numbers Into Perspective

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Effects of Maternal and Lactational Exposure to 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐Methoxybenzone on Development and Reproductive Organs in Male and Female Rat Offspring

Effects of Maternal and Lactational Exposure to 2‐Hydroxy‐4‐Methoxybenzone on Development and Reproductive Organs in Male and Female Rat Offspring

Photoprotection in immunocompetent and immunocompromised people

Das Interesse an Solarien und Sonnenschutz im deutschsprachigen Raum

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