Safety of standardized <i>Macleaya cordata</i> extract in an eighty‐four‐day dietary study in dairy cows

Wang, W.; Dolan, Laurie C.; Alvensleben, Sophie von; Morlacchini, M.; Fusconi, G.

doi:10.1111/jpn.12702

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In another study, the inclusion of cinnamaldehyde and other additives in pig feeds decreased Salmonella Typhimurium faecal shedding and improved pig weight gain [29]. Furthermore, licorice and Macleaya cordata (Papaveraceae), which are phytogenic feed additives approved for livestock feeding in the European Union [30, 31] show that plant extracts have potential to replace antimicrobials in animal feed. Apart from their influence on animal performance, plant additives may also have a positive influence on environmental health by reducing noxious gas content in animal faeces and rumen gases thereby reducing the concentration and effects of greenhouse gases [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity and mode of action of acetone crude leaf extracts of under-investigated Syzygium and Eugenia (Myrtaceae) species on multidrug resistant porcine diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli

et al. 2019

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Background Diarrhoea, a global economically important disease burden affecting swine and, especially piglets, is commonly caused by infection with entero-toxigenic E. coli (ETEC). Adherence of ETEC to porcine intestinal epithelial cells following infection, is necessary for its pathogenesis. While antimicrobials are commonly given as therapy or as feed additives for prophylaxis against microbial infections, the concern over increased levels of antimicrobial resistance necessitate the search for safe and effective alternatives in livestock feed. Attention is shifting to natural products including plants as suitable alternatives to antimicrobials. The activity of acetone crude leaf extracts of nine under-explored South African endemic plants from the Myrtaceae family with good antimicrobial activity were tested against pathogenic E. coli of porcine origin using a microplate serial dilution method. Bioautography, also with p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet as growth indicator was used to view the number of bioactive compounds in each extract. In vitro toxicity of extracts was determined against Caco-2 cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethythiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assay. The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli isolates was tested on a panel of antimicrobials using the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method while the anti-adherence mechanism was evaluated using a Caco-2 cell enterocyte anti-adhesion model. Results The MIC of the extracts ranged from 0.07–0.14 mg/mL with S. legatii having the best mean MIC (0.05 mg/mL). Bioautography revealed at least two active bands in each plant extract. The 50% lethal concentration (LC 50 ) values ranged between 0.03–0.66 mg/mL. Eugenia zeyheri least cytotoxic (LC 50 = 0.66 mg/ml) while E. natalitia had the highest cytotoxicity (LC 50 = 0.03 mg/mL). All the bacteria were completely resistant to doxycycline and colistin sulphate and many of the plant extracts significantly reduced adhesion of E. coli to Caco-2 cells. Conclusions The extracts of the plants had good antibacterial activity as well as a protective role on intestinal epithelial cells against enterotoxigenic E. coli bacterial adhesion. This supports the potential use of these species in limiting infection causes by E. coli . Some of these plants or extracts may be useful as phytogenic feed additives but it has to be investigated by animal feed trials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity and mode of action of acetone crude leaf extracts of under-investigated Syzygium and Eugenia (Myrtaceae) species on multidrug resistant porcine diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli

et al. 2019

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“…• Ingestão de alimento, produção e a composição do leite de vacas não foram afetados pelo extrato rico em sanguinarina e queleritrina 79 .…”

Section: Sanguinarina E Queleritrinaunclassified

“…De forma isolada, Wang et al 79 avaliaram um extrato vegetal rico em alcaloides de sanguinarina e queleritrina na dieta de vacas leiteiras, e não constataram variações na ingestão de alimento, na produção e na composição do leite. Além disso, os autores não detectaram resíduos de alcaloides de benzofenantridinas no leite das vacas.…”

Section: Sanguinarina Da Chelidonium Majusunclassified

“…Nesse sentido, Staats 79 desenvolveu um estudo isolado com vacas com o intuito de avaliar o extrato dinamizado da China officinalis sobre os parâmetros relacionados a condição de hipocalcemia. No entanto, o autor não constatou efeitos do extrato sobre a incidência de mastite, a produção de leite, a concentração de cálcio, fósforo e magnésio no sangue.…”

Section: Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecniaunclassified

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Uso da homeopatia no gado de leite como modulador da função hepática: uma revisão

Pinheiro¹,

Henriques²,

Neto³

et al. 2021

Ces. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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A homeopatia pode ser utilizada na pecuária leiteira como uma alternativa segura aos antibióticos, capaz de reduzir a expansão da resistência microbiana, ao passo que mantém a saúde dos rebanhos. No entanto, os compostos homeopáticos podem também ser usados como protetores do fígado, podendo atuar na modulação da função hepática. Os medicamentos homeopáticos a base de plantas podem ser utilizados como agentes hepatoprotetores, uma vez que possuem a capacidade de prevenir e reparar desordens hepáticas que comumente acometem vacas em lactação. Assim, o conhecimento das propriedades terapêuticas de plantas permite a elaboração de preparos homeopáticos, capazes de preservar a saúde dos animais de produção. Baseado nisso, objetivou-se com esta revisão discorrer sobre compostos vegetais utilizados na homeopatia como hepatoprotetores e seus efeitos no metabolismo hepático e na resposta produtiva de animais ruminantes em lactação.

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“…They have a wide range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory (Danielewski et al, 2022), anti-cancer (Zhu et al, 2020;Prabhu et al, 2021), antibacterial (Falchi et al, 2021;Lu et al, 2022), antifungal (Anjago et al, 2021), anthelmintic (Li et al, 2022), and immune enhancing (Liu et al, 2022a), etc. The biggest application of M. cordata is in livestock production, where studies have shown that MCE can provide a slight bitter taste in feed to increase animal intake (Chin, 2008;Wang et al, 2018). The main active ingredient of M. cordata, SAN, was included in the Chinese feed additive species list in 1999 (Ministry of Agriculture Announcement No.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical safety evaluation of Macleaya Cordata extract: A re-assessment of general toxicity and genotoxicity properties in rodents

Dong

Tang²,

Ma³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) is widely used for its diverse pharmacological actions and beneficial effects on farm animals. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-bacterial activities, and is gradually becoming a long-term additive veterinary drug used to improve animal intestinal health and growth performance. Although some evidence points to the DNA mutagenic potential of sanguinarine (SAN), a major component of MCE, there is a lack of sufficient basic toxicological information on the oral route, posing a potential safety risk for human consumption of food of animal origin. In this study, we assessed the acute oral toxicity, repeated 90-day oral toxicity and 180-day chronic toxicity of MCE in rats and mice and re-evaluated the genotoxicity of MCE using a standard combined in vivo and ex vivo assay. In the oral acute toxicity test, the LD50 for MCE in rats and mice was 1,564.55 mg/kg (95% confidence interval 1,386.97–1,764.95 mg/kg) and 1,024.33 mg/kg (95% confidence interval 964.27–1,087.30 mg/kg), respectively. The dose range tested had no significant effect on hematology, clinical chemistry, and histopathological findings in rodents in the long-term toxicity assessment. The results of the bacterial reverse mutation, sperm abnormality and micronucleus test showed negative results and lack of mutagenicity and teratogenicity; the results of the rat teratogenicity test showed no significant reproductive or embryotoxicity. The results indicate that MCE was safe in the dose range tested in this preclinical safety assessment. This study provides data to support the further development of maximum residue limits (MRLs) for MCE.

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Safety of standardized Macleaya cordata extract in an eighty‐four‐day dietary study in dairy cows

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Antibacterial activity and mode of action of acetone crude leaf extracts of under-investigated Syzygium and Eugenia (Myrtaceae) species on multidrug resistant porcine diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli

Antibacterial activity and mode of action of acetone crude leaf extracts of under-investigated Syzygium and Eugenia (Myrtaceae) species on multidrug resistant porcine diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli

Uso da homeopatia no gado de leite como modulador da função hepática: uma revisão

Preclinical safety evaluation of Macleaya Cordata extract: A re-assessment of general toxicity and genotoxicity properties in rodents

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