Safety of the rVSV ZEBOV vaccine against Ebola Zaire among frontline workers in Guinea

Juan-Giner, Aitana; Tchaton, Marie; Jemmy, Jean-Paul; Soumah, Aboubacar; Boum, Yap; Faga, Elisabetta Maria; Cissé, Mohamed; Grais, Rebecca F.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.009

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The success rate of the development of vaccines based on viral vectored vaccines have been low, with the exception of the live VSV based EBOV vaccine 35 . The significant advantage of CORAVAX is that it is an inactivated vaccine based on the rabies vector that has been safely and effectively administered to pregnant women, children, elderly, and the immunocompromised along with inducing durable responses (CDC, MMWR).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2020

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The recently emerged coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is rapidly spreading in the world. The exponentially expanding threat of SARS-CoV-2 to global health highlights the urgent need for a vaccine. Herein we show the rapid development of a novel, highly efficient, and safe COVID-19 vaccine using a rabies virus-based vector that has proven to be an efficient vaccine against several emerging infectious diseases. This study reports that both a live and an inactivated rabies virus containing the SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 protein induces potent virus-neutralizing antibodies at much higher levels than seen in the sera of convalescent patients. In summary, the results provided here warrant further development of this safe and established vaccine platform against COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

et al. 2020

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“…In clinical trials, various dose levels have been assessed, ranging from 3 × 10 3 plaque-forming units (PFU) to 1 × 10 8 PFU. 32 Considering both risk and benefit profiles evaluated in human dose-finding phase I trials, a dose of 2 × 10 7 PFU was determined as the preferred dose 30 and was consecutively used in phase II and III trials [33][34][35][36][37] as well as in WHO's vaccination strategy during subsequent EBOV outbreaks. Due to the high demand for vaccine doses in the growing DRC outbreak and, consecutively, to a relative vaccine shortage, WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization has now, however, revised this recommendation for the current outbreak.…”

Section: Clinical Dose-finding and Vaccination Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,33 Besides local reactogenicity, which was reported in up to 90-100% of the volunteers, 28,29 the most frequently reported adverse events were systemic solicited reactions such as headaches, which were reported in 21-71%, fever in 10-50%, and fatigue in 12-50% of vaccinees in all published phase II/III studies. [33][34][35][36][37] An initially unexpected adverse event constituted the emergence of arthritis cases that tested PCR-positive for rVSV in the phase I trial in Geneva, Switzerland. The study was halted when 11/51 volunteers developed oligoarthritis after having received 1 × 10 7 PFU or 5 × 10 7 PFU of VSV-EBOV and was ultimately resumed with a reduced dose of 3 × 10 5 PFU.…”

Section: Safety Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Fathi

Dahlke

Addo

2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The devastating Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreak in West Africa in 2013-2016 has flagged the need for the timely development of vaccines for high-threat pathogens. To be better prepared for new epidemics, the WHO has compiled a list of priority pathogens that are likely to cause future outbreaks and for which R&D efforts are, therefore, paramount (R&D Blueprint: https://www.who.int/blueprint/priority-diseases/en/). To this end, the detailed characterization of vaccine platforms is needed. The vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been established as a robust vaccine vector backbone for infectious diseases for well over a decade. The recent clinical trials testing the vaccine candidate VSV-EBOV against EBOV disease now have added a substantial amount of clinical data and suggest VSV to be an ideal vaccine vector candidate for outbreak pathogens. In this review, we discuss insights gained from the clinical VSV-EBOV vaccine trials as well as from animal studies investigating vaccine candidates for Blueprint pathogens. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…18,19 Widespread adverse events and questionable efficacy in human populations of rVSV-EBOV may represent existing gaps in VSV-vectored vaccine approaches. [20][21][22] However, replication-defective single-cycle recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (VSVΔG) pseudotyped with either NiV F or G showed protection against 1000 times LD 50 NiV challenge in Syrian golden hamsters after a single dose inoculation, offering a distinct safety advantage over the live-attenuated rVSV-ZEBOV-GP-NiVG. 18 Nonetheless, production requires multiple plasmid transfections which can be costly for large-scale manufacturing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies-based vaccine induces potent immune responses against Nipah virus

et al. 2019

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Nipah Virus (NiV) is a re-emerging zoonotic pathogen in the genus Henipavirus of the Paramyxoviridae family of viruses. NiV is endemic to Bangladesh and Malaysia and is highly fatal to both livestock and humans (human case fatality rate = 74.5%). Currently, there is no approved vaccine against NiV on the market. The goal of this study was to use a recombinant RABV vector expressing NiV glycoprotein (NiV G) to develop a bivalent candidate vaccine against NiV disease and rabies virus (RABV) disease, which is also a significant health burden in the regions where NiV is endemic. The rabies vector is a well-established vaccine strain that lacks neurovirulence and can stably expresses foreign antigens that are immunogenic in various animal models. Mice inoculated intranasally with the live recombinant RABV/NiV vaccine (NIPARAB) showed no signs of disease. To test the immunogenicity of the vaccine candidate, groups of C57BL/6 mice were immunized intramuscularly with a single dose of live vaccine particles or two doses of chemically inactivated viral particles. Both vaccination groups showed NiV G-specific seroconversion, and the inactivated (INAC) vaccine group yielded higher titers of NiV G-specific antibodies. Furthermore, cross-reactivity of NiV G-specific immune sera against Hendra virus (HeV), was confirmed by immunofluorescence (IF) and indirect ELISA against soluble recombinant HeV glycoprotein (HeV G). Both live and killed vaccines induced neutralizing antibodies. These results indicate that NIPARAB may be used as a killed virus vaccine to protect humans against NiV and RABV, and possibly as a preventative measure against HeV as well.

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Safety of the rVSV ZEBOV vaccine against Ebola Zaire among frontline workers in Guinea

Cited by 25 publications

References 15 publications

Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

Rabies virus-based COVID-19 vaccine CORAVAX™ induces high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vector vaccines for WHO blueprint priority pathogens

Rabies-based vaccine induces potent immune responses against Nipah virus

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