SAI: Safety Application Identifier Algorithm at MAC Layer for Vehicular Safety Message Dissemination Over LTE VANET Networks

Abstract

.Vehicular safety applications have much significance in preventing road accidents and fatalities. Among others, cellular networks have been under investigation for the procurement of these applications subject to stringent requirements for latency, transmission parameters, and successful delivery of messages. Earlier contributions have studied utilization of Long-Term Evolution (LTE) under single cell, Friis radio, or simplified higher layer. In this paper, we study the utilization of LTE under multicell and multipath fading environment and introduce the use of adaptive awareness range. Then, we propose an algorithm that uses the concept of quality of service (QoS) class identifiers (QCIs) along with dynamic adaptive awareness range. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of background traffic on the proposed algorithm. Finally, we utilize medium access control (MAC) layer elements in order to fulfill vehicular application requirements through extensive system-level simulations. The results show that, by using an awareness range of up to 250 m, the LTE system is capable of fulfilling the safety application requirements for up to 10 beacons/s with 150 vehicles in an area of 2 × 2 km 2 . The urban vehicular radio environment has a significant impact and decreases the probability for end-toend delay to be ≤100 ms from 93%-97% to 76%-78% compared to the Friis radio environment. The proposed algorithm reduces the amount of vehicular application traffic from 21 Mbps to 13 Mbps, while improving the probability of end-to-end delay being ≤100 ms by 20%. Lastly, use of MAC layer control elements brings the processing of messages towards the edge of network increasing capacity of the system by about 50%.

DSRC Applicability in Cameroon Road Traffic: A Simulation Study

“…According to [8] and [9], the requirements for the two safety applications this study deals with are summarized in Table 1. layers.…”

Chaos‐based privacy preserving vehicle safety protocol for 5G Connected Autonomous Vehicle networks

“…In this paper, we implement privacy preserving protocol while addressing CAV latency requirements and computational time cost of chaotic encryption. Vehicular networks have stringent transmission requirements which are scarcely met by present day network functionalities [6]. Adding privacy to these links brings about overheads that in turn increase latency.…”

“…Cloud Radio Access Network promises to bring the server processing to the edge of the network, subsequently reducing experienced end-to-end delay. The Scalability of mobile network servers where different locations of the server are evaluated show that by having forwarding mechanism implemented close to the base station, it significantly increases the network capacity, where almost 50% more vehicles experience the required transmission delay [6]. The CRAN functionality, splitting the network functionality and introducing mobile edge computing [22], allows the implementation of message forwarding server close to the access network edge.…”

“…Among other information, the exchanged packet also contains vehicle location (d i ), using this in conjunction with the information from the map database and R i , the VRS server determines the intended receiving vehicles set also termed as forwarding set (F i j ). [6,23] Exploiting the state-of-the-art CRAN technologies, the virtualized VRS server operating at the radio edge will then multicast the VSM to the forwarding set of vehicles given by:…”

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“…Considering the data freshness concept, ideal location of the server would be at the EPC. Therefore, having multiple EPCs serving their respective geographical locations would have their own VSA servers with a similar approach as is for mobility management entity (MME), reducing the RTT while increasing the system capacity and eventually meeting the strict transmission requirements for vehicular safety applications [26].…”