Saikosaponin a promotes sleep by decreasing neuronal activities in the lateral hypothalamus

Zhong, Yuan; Jiang, Shan; Qu, Wei‐Min; Zhang, Wen; Huang, Zhi‐Li; Chen, Chang-Rui

doi:10.1111/jsr.13484

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…According to previous studies ( Luo et al, 2018 ; Zhong et al, 2021 ; Bao et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2017 ), after finishing all related experiments, all mice were anesthetized with chloral hydrate (360 mg/kg, i.p.) for surgical procedures and were placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (RWD, Shenzhen, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For experiments using DREADDs, the recordings started at 07:00 (i.e., at the beginning of the light period), and each mouse received either vehicle or CNO (3 mg/kg, C2041, LKT) treatment for two consecutive days at 09:00 (inactive period) or 21:00 (active period). As previously described ( Ren et al, 2018 ; Zhong et al, 2021 ), EEG/EMG signals were amplified and filtered (0.5–30 Hz for EEG, 40–200 Hz for EMG), and were then digitized at 128 Hz and recorded with SleepSign software (Kissei Comtec, Nagano, Japan). Sleep–wake states were automatically classified into 4 s epochs as follows: Wakefulness was considered to have desynchronized EEG and high levels of EMG activity, NREM sleep was considered to have synchronized, high-amplitude, low-frequency (0.5–4 Hz) EEG signals in the absence of motor activity; and REM sleep was considered to have pronounced theta-like (4–9 Hz) EEG activity and muscle atonia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dysfunctions of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus induce hypersomnia in mice

Chen

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2021

eLife

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Hypersomnolence disorder (HD) is characterized by excessive sleep, which is a common sequela following stroke, infection, or tumorigenesis. HD is traditionally thought to be associated with lesions of wake-promoting nuclei. However, lesions of a single wake-promoting nucleus, or even two simultaneously, did not exert serious HD. Therefore, the specific nucleus and neural circuitry for HD remain unknown. Here, we observed that the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) exhibited higher c-fos expression during the active period (23:00) than during the inactive period (11:00) in mice. Therefore, we speculated that the PVH, in which most neurons are glutamatergic, may represent one of the key arousal-controlling centers. By using vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vglut2Cre) mice together with fiber photometry, multichannel electrophysiological recordings, and genetic approaches, we found that PVHvglut2 neurons were most active during wakefulness. Chemogenetic activation of PVHvglut2 neurons induced wakefulness for 9 hr, and photostimulation of PVHvglut2→parabrachial complex/ventral lateral septum circuits immediately drove transitions from sleep to wakefulness. Moreover, lesioning or chemogenetic inhibition of PVHvglut2 neurons dramatically decreased wakefulness. These results indicate that the PVH is critical for arousal promotion and maintenance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysfunctions of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus induce hypersomnia in mice

Chen

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2021

eLife

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“…In a quiet and sound-proof room with dim light (≈ 20 lx), a mouse was placed in the middle of the arena and allowed to move freely for 10 min. An automatic video tracking system (Tracking Master V3.0, Shanghai Vanbi Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.) was used to record the ambulatory activity of the mice 68 . After each test, the apparatus was wiped clean with 75% alcohol to avoid the influence of the previous mouse.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic CRH Neurons Modulate Sevoflurane Anesthesia and The Post-anesthesia Stress Responses

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2023

Preprint

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General anesthetics benefit patients undergoing surgeries without consciousness, but the undesired stress response associated with general anesthesia (GA) causes delayed recovery and even increased morbidity in the clinic. Here, a core hypothalamic ensemble, corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVHCRH neurons) is discovered, which regulates the anesthetic effects and post-anesthesia stress response of sevoflurane GA. Chemogenetic activation of these neurons delay the induction of and accelerated emergence from sevoflurane GA, whereas chemogenetic inhibition exert the opposite effects. Moreover, optogenetic stimulation of PVHCRH neurons induce rapid cortical activation during both the steady and deep sevoflurane GA state with burst-suppression oscillations. Interestingly, chemogenetic inhibition of PVHCRH neurons relieve the sevoflurane GA-elicited stress response (e.g., excessive self-grooming and elevated corticosterone level). These findings identify a common neural substrate integrating the anesthetic effect and post-anesthesia stress response of sevoflurane GA.

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“…The central inhibitory effects of acori graminei rhizoma were probably affected by an action on the central dopamine and GABA(A) receptors [83]. Saikosaponin a, an active component of bupleuri radix, increased the duration of non-rapid eye movement sleep and shortened sleep latency by decreasing neuronal activity in the lateral hypothalamus in the male C57BL/6j mouse model [84].…”

Section: The Underlying Mechanism Of Hmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional East Asian Herbal Medicine for Post-Stroke Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Kim

Lim

2022

IJERPH

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Post-stroke insomnia (PSI) is a highly prevalent complication after stroke. Current evidence of psychotropic drug use for PSI management is scarce and indicates harmful adverse events (AEs). Traditional East Asian herbal medicine is a widely used traditional remedy for insomnia. However, so far, no study has systematically reviewed the efficacy and safety of traditional east asian herbal medicine (HM) for PSI. Therefore, we perform meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of HM for PSI. After a comprehensive electronic search of 15 databases, we review the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of HM use as monotherapy for PSI. Our outcomes were the Pittsburgh sleep quality index and total effective rate. In total, 24 RCTs were conducted with 1942 participants. HM showed statistically significant benefits in sleep quality. It also appeared to be safer than psychotropic drugs in terms of AEs, except when the treatment period was two weeks. The methods used for RCTs were poor, and the quality of evidence assessed was graded “low” or “moderate.” The findings of this review indicate that the use of HM as a monotherapy may have potential benefits in PSI treatment when administered as an alternative to conventional medications. However, considering the methodological quality of the included RCTs, we were uncertain of the clinical evidence. Further, well-designed RCTs are required to confirm these findings.

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Saikosaponin a promotes sleep by decreasing neuronal activities in the lateral hypothalamus

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Dysfunctions of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus induce hypersomnia in mice

Dysfunctions of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus induce hypersomnia in mice

Hypothalamic CRH Neurons Modulate Sevoflurane Anesthesia and The Post-anesthesia Stress Responses

Traditional East Asian Herbal Medicine for Post-Stroke Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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