Salicylate toxicity model of tinnitus

Abstract

Salicylate, the active component of the common drug aspirin, has mild analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects at moderate doses. At higher doses, however, salicylate temporarily induces moderate hearing loss and the perception of a high-pitch ringing in humans and animals. This phantom perception of sound known as tinnitus is qualitatively similar to the persistent subjective tinnitus induced by high-level noise exposure, ototoxic drugs, or aging, which affects ∼14% of the general population. For over a quarter century, auditory scientists have used the salicylate toxicity model to investigate candidate biochemical and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying phantom sound perception. In this review, we summarize some of the intriguing biochemical and physiological effects associated with salicylate-induced tinnitus, some of which occur in the periphery and others in the central nervous system. The relevance and general utility of the salicylate toxicity model in understanding phantom sound perception in general are discussed.

Improving the Reliability of Tinnitus Screening in Laboratory Animals

“…Sound exposure provides the best approximation of the chronic neurological changes that affect tinnitus patients but the induction process may take months to complete (Bauer et al, 1999;Longenecker et al, 2014). Acute salicylate treatment may be less representative of the clinical condition, but induction is rapid and more consistent (Rüttiger et al, 2003;Puel and Guitton, 2007;Stolzberg et al, 2012). Our study performed each method on separate groups of rats to illustrate the basic principles of the two approaches.…”

Oxymorphone Insufflation Associated with Acute Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Case Files of the University of Massachusetts Medical Toxicology Fellowship

“…Tinnitus is a type of auditory hallucination that describes the perception of sound in the absence of external environmental stimuli [17]. It is a common hallucination, with 50 million adults reporting it in a recent US health census [17].…”

“…It is a common hallucination, with 50 million adults reporting it in a recent US health census [17]. Tinnitus is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, noise exposure, allergies, congenital defects, and medications [17,18].…”

“…Tinnitus is associated with sensorineural hearing loss, noise exposure, allergies, congenital defects, and medications [17,18]. Cisplatin, quinine, and salicylates have all been shown to cause tinnitus [17].…”

Effects of sleep bruxism related tinnitus on quality of life

“…It affects nearly 14% of the population and is directly proportional to age. [1,2] Tinnitus may be related to otological, neurological, and traumatic causes, adverse effects of drugs, iatrogenic, and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). [3] The American Academy of Sleep Medicine defined sleep bruxism (SB) as stereotyped movement disorder occurring during sleep and characterized by tooth grinding and/ or clenching.…”