Salicylic Acid Effects on Osmoregulation and Seed Yield in Drought‐Stressed Sesame

Abstract

Core Ideas Osmoregulation helps sesame withstand drought. Diversity exists in sesame genotypes response to drought. Salicylic acid benefits sesame grain yield. Drought stress poses a major threat to plant growth, development, and yield. Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the endogenous plant growth regulators that plays a key role in plant resistance against environmental stresses, including drought. A 2‐yr field experiment was performed to assess the modifications in compatible solutes, water status, and seed yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under drought stress and to see whether foliar application of SA ameliorates these modifications. For this purpose, seven sesame genotypes, namely Yekta, Shiraz, Naz‐Takshakhe, Dashtestan, Isfahan, Varamin, and Oltan, were watered after 60% (control) and 80% (drought) depletion of the available soil water in the presence of two SA concentrations (0 and 0.6 mM). Drought was found to lead to significant reductions in leaf water potential (LWP), relative water content (RWC), seeds/capsule, capsules/plant, seeds/m2, 1000‐seed weight, and, thereby, seed yield and oil content. Significant increases were observed in proline and total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) concentrations in response to drought. Exogenously applied SA alleviated the stress impacts by enhancing all the studied attributes under both moisture conditions, more notably under water deficit conditions. The genotypes exhibited clear differences in their responses to water deficit and SA application. The genotype Yekta showed higher stability in terms of the majority of the studied attributes against drought stress. With the environmental conditions experienced in these 2 yr, osmoregulatory measures were found to serve as indicators of resistance to drought stress while SA seemed effective in the enhancing of these measures in this oilseed crop.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management and Salicylic Acid Application on Relative Water Content, Plant Height and Grain Yield of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

“…The application of Salicylic acid demonstrated a positive impact on crop RWC under water deficit stress, actively maintaining cellular turgidity by ensuring osmotic balance in plant cells during drought stress. These findings align with similar results reported by various researchers [3,9,10].…”

“…Complementing these measures, integrated nutrient management (INM) techniques, involving precise nutrient application at different growth stages, contribute to the crop's ability to withstand moisture stress and thrive. In a concerted effort to combat drought stress and fortify crop resilience, the combined application of Salicylic acid [3], adoption of mulching practices, and the implementation of a tailored integrated nutrient management (INM) strategy presents a holistic approach. This comprehensive strategy not only safeguards quinoa yields but also fosters sustainable agricultural practices in the face of the uncertainties posed by climate change.…”

Integrated Nutrient Management and Salicylic Acid Boost Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Yield under Deficit Moisture Stress at Different Critical Stages

“…It could able to maintain cellular turgidity by maintaining osmotic balance in the plant cell during drought stress thereby improving the chlorophyll content in the leaf tissue. Similar results were obtained by various workers [3,9,10].…”

“…Integrated nutrient management techniques, involving precise nutrient application at various growth stages, have the potential to enhance a crop's ability to withstand moisture stress and continue thriving. In this context, a comprehensive approach that combines the application of Salicylic acid [3], mulching practices, and well-tailored integrated nutrient management (INM) offers a holistic approach to alleviating deficit moisture stress, improving crop resilience, and ensuring food security in an era marked by climate changerelated challenges. This comprehensive strategy not only safeguards crop yields but also promotes sustainable agricultural practices in the face of an increasingly uncertain climate.…”

Effects of Salicylic Acid Priming Application in Some Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Cultivars

“…Salicylic acid also serves as a significant regulator in various physiological processes such as the uptake and transportation of plant nutrients (Hayat and Ahmad, 2007;Farooq et al, 2008;Maghsoudi et al, 2019), the biosynthesis of various enzymes (An and Mou, 2011), stomatal movements (Khan et al, 2003;Hayat and Ahmad, 2007), respiration and photosynthesis (Hayat et al, 2005;Farooq et al, 2008;Janda et al, 2014), sugar metabolism (Dong et al, 2011), and antioxidant enzyme activity (Singh and Gautam, 2013;Torun, 2019). Furthermore, some research has demonstrated its significant potential in mitigating water stress, increasing dry matter accumulation in wheat seedlings in drought-prone areas or under limited soil moisture availability (Singh and Usha, 2003), promoting the growth of corn (Latif et al, 2016) and wheat (Ilyas et al, 2017;El-Hawary et al, 2023), and enhancing seed yield in sesame (Najafabadi and Ehsanzadeh, 2017). However, the responses of plants to SA in seed priming applications are highly dependent on factors such as the applied concentration, plant species and cultivars, plant maturity stage, and environmental conditions (Jayakannan et al, 2015;Poór et al, 2019).…”