Salicylic acid-induced germination, biochemical and developmental alterations in rye (Secale cereale L.)

Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) is one of the endogenous plant growth regulators that modulate various metabolic and physiological events. To evaluate the exogenous SA-induced germination, biochemical and developmental alterations, different concentrations (10, 100, 500 and 1000 µM) of SA were applied to rye (Secale cerealeL.) seeds in hydroponic culture conditions for 15 days. The observations revealed that seed germination and root elongation were stimulated in 10 µM SA treatment, however they were inhibited in higher concentrations (100 and 500 µM) of SA. Furthermore, there was no germination in 1000 µM SA. The analysis of antioxidant enzymes revealed that although superoxide dismutase activity increased, catalase activity decreased in comparison to control. Besides, lipid peroxidation and peroxidase activity increased in 10 µM SA, whereas they decreased in higher concentrations. Similarly total chlorophyll content increased in 10 µM SA, but it decreased in 100 and 500 µM SA treatments. Moreover anthocyanins and carotenoids increased after SA treatment. In conclusion, exogenous SA application causes developmental and biochemical alterations in rye.

Pre‐véraison treatment of salicylic acid to enhance anthocyanin content of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berries

“…Salicylic acid, a natural phenolic compound and a signaling molecule with ubiquitous distribution in plants, is found in many plant tissues . This compound is considered as a plant hormone .…”

“…Salicylic acid, a natural phenolic compound and a signaling molecule with ubiquitous distribution in plants, is found in many plant tissues . This compound is considered as a plant hormone . It plays a vital role in crucial physiological processes of plants such as stress resistance and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in different plant organs .…”

“…This compound is considered as a plant hormone . It plays a vital role in crucial physiological processes of plants such as stress resistance and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in different plant organs . It also plays critical roles in plants including respiration, stomatal movement, photomorphogenesis, seed germination, cell growth, and senescence .…”

“…13,14 The phenylpropanoid pathway involves in the synthesis of secondary compounds such as salicylic acid (SA) and phenolics. 13 Salicylic acid, a natural phenolic compound 12,13,[15][16][17] and a signaling molecule with ubiquitous distribution in plants, 18 is found in many plant tissues. 15 This compound is considered as a plant hormone.…”

“…8,15,17,19 It plays a vital role in crucial physiological processes 18,20,21 of plants such as stress resistance 8,12,13,17,20,22 and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in different plant organs. 17,23,24 It also plays critical roles in plants including respiration, stomatal movement, photomorphogenesis, 17,18 seed germination, cell growth, and senescence. 17,22 Moreover, SA has a high potential for controlling post-harvest losses of horticultural crops 16,25 due to a delay in fruit ripening, induction of disease resistance, increasing antioxidant and phenolic compounds, maintenance of post-harvest quality and increasing the storage life of horticultural crops.…”