Salicylic acid reduces cadmium (Cd) accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by regulating root cell wall composition via nitric oxide signaling

Qiu

et al. 2022

Life

In recent decades, many new and exciting findings have paved the way to the better understanding of plant responses in various environmental changes. Some major areas are focused on role of phytohormone during abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is one such plant hormone that has been implicated in processes not limited to plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. This review summarizes the various roles and functions of SA in mitigating abiotic stresses to plants, including heating, chilling, salinity, metal toxicity, drought, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Consistent with its critical roles in plant abiotic tolerance, this review identifies the gaps in the literature with regard to the complex signalling network between SA and reactive oxygen species, ABA, Ca2+, and nitric oxide. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying signalling networks that control development and stress responses in plants and underscore prospects for future research on SA concerning abiotic-stressed plants are also discussed.

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Sa In Mitigating Abiotic Stressesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic Acid, a Multifaceted Hormone, Combats Abiotic Stresses in Plants

Qiu

et al. 2022

Life

“…12,13 Salicylic acid (SA), which is a multifunctional phytohormone, alleviates growth inhibition and reduces Cd uptake by the roots under Cd stress through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities. 94,95 Shakirova et al (2016) reported that SA activated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and consequent accelerated lignin deposition in the root cell wall, which enhanced defense against Cd toxicity and repressed Cd uptake in wheat. 96 Similarly, spraying leaves with SA in rice could increase the H 2 O 2 content and regulate the expression of OsLCT1 and OsLCD to enhance the deposition of Cd in the cell wall and reduce Cd translocation/accumulation in grains.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium in Cereal Crops: Uptake and Transport Mechanisms and Minimizing Strategies

Chen

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soils and accumulation in cereal grains have posed food security risks and serious health concerns worldwide. Understanding the Cd transport process and its management for minimizing Cd accumulation in cereals may help to improve crop growth and grain quality. In this review, we summarize Cd uptake, translocation, and accumulation mechanisms in cereal crops and discuss efficient measures to reduce Cd uptake as well as potential remediation strategies, including the applications of plant growth regulators, microbes, nanoparticles, and cropping systems and developing low-Cd grain cultivars by CRISPR/Cas9. In addition, miRNAs modulate Cd translocation, and accumulation in crops through the regulation of their target genes was revealed. Combined use of multiple remediation methods may successfully decrease Cd concentrations in cereals. The findings in this review provide some insights into innovative and applicable approaches for reducing Cd accumulation in cereal grains and sustainable management of Cd-contaminated paddy fields.

“…The peroxidation of barley root tips was inhibited when treated with SA under Cd stress ( Tamás et al., 2015 ). For rice, SA treatment increased its antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased the H 2 O 2 content to enhance the resistance to Cd stress ( Guo et al., 2007 ); this also decreases the rice Cd content ( Majumdar et al., 2020 ; Pan et al., 2021 ). Various other studies have shown similar effects of SA on mung beans, kidney beans and tomatoes under Cd stress ( Tissa et al., 2000 ; Khan et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic acid improves Nasturtium officinale phytoremediation capability for cadmium-contaminated paddy soils

et al. 2022

IntroductionCadmium (Cd) contamination is a severe problem in paddy soils that has affected crops’ safety. The present study aimed at remediating Cd-contaminated paddy soil by improving the phytoremediation capability of aquatic accumulator plants.MethodsWe conducted an experiment to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) on the growth and Cd phytoremediation capability of the aquatic accumulator plant Nasturtium officinale.ResultsSA with the concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/L increased the root and shoot biomass of N. officinale, while only 150 mg/L increased the chlorophyll a and b contents. SA increased the activities of peroxidase and catalase of N. officinale to a great extent, but decreased the superoxide dismutase activity and soluble protein content. SA also increased the root Cd content, shoot Cd content, root Cd extraction, and shoot Cd extraction to a large extent. At concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 mg/L, SA increased the shoot Cd extraction by 17.59%, 47.16%, and 43.27%, respectively, compared with the control. Moreover, SA concentration had a quadratic polynomial regression relationship with the root Cd extraction and shoot Cd extraction. The correlation and grey relational analyses revealed that root Cd extraction, shoot biomass, and root biomass were closely associated with shoot Cd extraction of N. officinale.ConclusionThus, our results suggest that SA promoted the growth and improved the phytoremediation (extraction) capability of N. officinale, and 150 mg/L SA was the most suitable concentration.