Salicylic acid reduces harmful effects of salt stress in Tropaeolum majus

Abstract

Salt stress hampers the growth and physiology of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), due to biochemical, physiological, and anatomical disruptions. The application of salicylic acid stands as an alternative to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress, but studies on nasturtium are scarce. Thus, the aim of present study was to assess the effects of foliar application of salicylic acid on nasturtium cultivated under salt stress. The experiment followed a completely randomized design in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with 0 (no stress), 50 (moderate salt stress), and 100 (severe salt stress) mM of NaCl, and application of 0, 0.5, and 1 mM of salicylic acid, each with six replications. Growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves), gas exchange (stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic carboxylation efficiency), as well as chlorophyll indices and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated. Salt stress affected the variables analyzed in this study. The application of salicylic acid had a positive effect on mitigating the effects of severe salt stress, resulting in a significant increase in the number of leaves. The most effective dose was 1 mM, also leading to notable improvements in water use efficiency and photochemical efficiency. However, other combinations of salinity and salicylic acid reduced growth and gas exchange in nasturtium plants.

The physiological quality of Vigna unguiculata L. seeds shows tolerance to salinity

“…Crops respond differently to salinity, ranging from being sensitive to highly tolerant of saline environments. This process may vary among species, with biochemical, physiological, and morphological changes (Santos et al, 2009), leading to stomatal closure as a plant response to stress, decreasing water loss through transpiration and reducing CO 2 absorption (Silva et al, 2024). Furthermore, changes occur in water relations, inhibiting leaf expansion (Lima et al, 2023).…”