Salicylic acid treatments induce resistance to Tuta absoluta and Tetranychus urticae on tomato plants

Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of exogenous application of salicylic acid as a resistance inducer to two-spotted spider mite and tomato pinworm on tomato genotypes. Bioassays were carried out in three commercial genotypes (‘Redenção’, ‘Giuliana’, and ‘Alambra’) and one wild genotype (Solanum habrochaites var. hirsutum, accession PI-127826). Average distance travelled by the two-spotted spider mite and number of eggs deposited over the leaflets of the genotypes were investigated. Concerning pinworm bioassay, number of eggs, leafminers on leaflet surface and percentage of leaf area consumed by leafminers were evaluated using a scanner. Furthermore, severity of attack to plants was evaluated by score scale for damages, types of lesions and attacked leaflets. Salicylic acid application induced resistance in the commercial genotypes against both pests, reducing the two-spotted spider mite and pinworm oviposition. The spider mites travelled shorter distance on leaflets of genotypes treated with salicylic acid at intermediate concentrations, indicating a positive effect of substance as inducing resistance. Attack severity by pinworm was also reduced when intermediate doses of salicylic acid were applied. Also, higher resistance was observed on accession PI-127826 as compared to other genotypes. The obtained results indicate that the resistance of PI-127826 was due to constitutive defense, whereas on commercial genotypes defense was dependent on responses mediated by salicylic acid. Hence, salicylic acid treatment, as resistance inducer, seems to be efficient against two-spotted spider mite and pinworm, being a promising tool within an integrated pest management on tomato plants.

Responses of Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) and Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) to the application of salicylic acid on bean cultivars.

“…of this phytophage as evidenced byFernandes et al 2009 andSantamaria et al 2020 Similar results of the in uence of AS on the reduction of T. urticae eggs were observed byFavaro et al (2019) when evaluating two strawberry cultivars Aromas and Sweet Charlie, which show a positive correlation between AS doses (25, 50 and 75mg L-1) and the reduction in the number of eggs, however the Sweet Charlie cultivar showed higher decrease in the number of eggs in relation to doses. In tomatoPulga et al (2020) also observed a correlation between AS doses (25, 50 and 75mg L-1) and the reduction in T.urticae oviposition. In the present study, the application of AS may have activated the defense differently in the bean cultivars, since, as observed, only the cultivar Garapiá showed a positive response between the doses of AS and the reduction of oviposition.…”

“…urticae showed a strong interaction of treatments in both cultivars p-value ≤ 0.0001, thus showing that AS in all its dosages directly affect the amount of oviposition of this phytophagous (Table 1). Some studies with the exogenous application of the phytohormones AS and AJ have shown promising results regarding the reduction of the number of T. urticae eggs in several crops, such as cotton (Omer et al, 2001), beans (Farouk and Osman, 2011) and tomato (Pulga et al, 2020). Still in Table 1, it is observed in the average number of eggs ( ) that the dose that most reduces the amount of eggs was the treatments T5 for Fepagro26 and T7 for Garapiá, however the doses T6 and T7 in both cultivars showed apparent toxicity in the plants.…”

“…In tomato (Solanum sp. L.) the application of AS resulted in a decrease in T. urticae eggs, in addition to lower mobility and leaf damage, thus being e cient in controlling this phytophagous (Pulga et al 2020).…”

Comparison of Tomato Transcriptomic Profiles Reveals Overlapping Patterns in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses

“…Differences in hormone regulation may also induce plants’ anti-herbivore characteristics [ 37 ]. In particular, we found that several genes involved in SA metabolism were induced by the T genotype to T. absoluta and could be involved in the tolerance process [ 38 ].…”

Effect of various fertilizers and salicylic acid on induced resistance of citrus against Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari; Tetranychidae)

“…Our ndings are in compliance with previous surveys on invertebrate pests in this regard. For example, foliar application of SA signi cantly inhibited the damage of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton (El-Sherbeni et al 2019), Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on melon (Moreno-Delafuente et al, 2020), and Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato (Pulga et al 2020). In contrast, R 0 , r, and λ were highest when P. citri were fed on control and vermiwash-treated seedlings.…”