Salience Network Disruption in U.S. Army Soldiers With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Abdallah, Chadi G.; Averill, Christopher L.; Ramage, Amy E.; Averill, Lynnette A.; Goktas, Selin; Nemati, Samaneh; Krystal, John H.; Roache, John D.; Resick, Patricia A.; Young‐McCaughan, Stacey; Peterson, Alan L.; Fox, Peter T.

doi:10.1177/2470547019850467

Cited by 33 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a long-lasting and recurring mental disorder triggered by traumatic experience. Trauma recollection is associated with enhanced connectivity in the salience network, while salience connectivity is reduced following effective treatment in PTSD patients ( Abdallah et al, 2019a , b ). PTSD subjects showed significantly less activation of the thalamus ( Lanius et al, 2001 ; Suarez-Jimenez et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Thalamic Dysfunction and Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Thalamic Nuclei in Salience Processing

Zhou

Zhu

Hou

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The brain continuously receives diverse information about the external environment and changes in the homeostatic state. The attribution of salience determines which stimuli capture attention and, therefore, plays an essential role in regulating emotions and guiding behaviors. Although the thalamus is included in the salience network, the neural mechanism of how the thalamus contributes to salience processing remains elusive. In this mini-review, we will focus on recent advances in understanding the specific roles of distinct thalamic nuclei in salience processing. We will summarize the functional connections between thalamus nuclei and other key nodes in the salience network. We will highlight the convergence of neural circuits involved in reward and pain processing, arousal, and attention control in thalamic structures. We will discuss how thalamic activities represent salience information in associative learning and how thalamic neurons modulate adaptive behaviors. Lastly, we will review recent studies which investigate the contribution of thalamic dysfunction to aberrant salience processing in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as drug addiction, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and schizophrenia. Based on emerging evidence from both human and rodent research, we propose that the thalamus, different from previous studies that as an information relay, has a broader role in coordinating the cognitive process and regulating emotions.

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Section: Thalamic Dysfunction and Neuropsychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contribution of Thalamic Nuclei in Salience Processing

Zhou

Zhu

Hou

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies using resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) suggests disrupted connectivity in the Default‐Mode Network (DMN; associated with internally focused thought and autobiographical memory) and Salience Network (SN; responsible for detecting and orienting to salient stimuli) in individuals with PTSD (Liberzon & Abelson, 2016). Specifically, PTSD has been associated with (1) greater within‐SN connectivity (Abdallah et al, 2019; Brown et al, 2014; Rabinak et al, 2011; Sripada, King, Garfinkel, et al, 2012), (2) lower within‐DMN connectivity (Akiki et al, 2018; Bluhm et al, 2009; Lazarov, Zhu, Suarez‐Jimenez, Rutherford, & Neria, 2017; Miller et al, 2017; Olson, Kaiser, Pizzagalli, Rauch, & Rosso, 2019; Shang et al, 2014; Viard et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2017), and (3) greater cross‐network SN–DMN connectivity—often called desegregation (Brown et al, 2014; Lanius et al, 2010; Sripada, King, Garfinkel, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between resting‐state functional connectivity and treatment response in a randomized clinical trial for posttraumatic stress disorder

Sheynin

Duval

King

et al. 2020

Depression and Anxiety

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Background: Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) have been reported in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we examined pre-and posttreatment rsFC during a randomized clinical trial to characterize alterations and examine predictors of treatment response. Methods: Sixty-four combat veterans with PTSD were randomly assigned to prolonged exposure (PE) plus placebo, sertraline plus enhanced medication management, or PE plus sertraline. Symptom assessment and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans occurred before and after treatment. Twenty-nine trauma-exposed combat veterans without PTSD served as a control group at intake. Seed-based and region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI connectivities, as well as an exploratory connectome-based approach were used to analyze rsFC patterns. Based on previously reported findings, analyses focused on Salience Network (SN) and Default-Mode Network (DMN). Results: At intake, patients with PTSD showed greater DMN-dorsal attention network (DAN) connectivity (between ventromedial prefrontal cortex and superior parietal lobule; family-wise error corrected p = .011), greater SN-DAN connectivity (between insula and middle frontal gyrus; corrected p = .003), and a negative correlation between re-experiencing symptoms and within-DMN connectivity (between posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and middle temporal gyrus; corrected p < .001). We also found preliminary evidence for associations between rsFC and treatment response. Specifically, high responders (≥50% PTSD symptom improvement), compared with low responders, had greater SN-DMN segregation (i.e., less pretreatment amygdala-PCC connectivity; p = .011) and lower pre-treatment global centrality (p = .042).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,34 MR scans were surface-based preprocessed by using a pipeline adapted from the HCP (https://gith ub.com/Washington-University/HCPpipelines), 35 as reported elsewhere. 14,25,28,36,37 In the preprocessing pipeline, FreeSurfer parcellation was used for structural scans. Slice timing correction, motion correction, intensity normalization, brain masking, and registration of fMRI images to structural MRI and standard template were performed.…”

Section: Neuroimaging Acquisition and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment Brain Connectome Fingerprint Predicts Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

et al. 2020

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Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) treatment is characterized by low remission rate and often involves weeks to months of treatment. Identification of pretreatment biomarkers of response may play a critical role in novel drug development, in enhanced prognostic predictions, and perhaps in providing more personalized medicine. Using a network restricted strength predictive modeling (NRS-PM) approach, the goal of the current study was to identify pretreatment functional connectome fingerprints (CFPs) that (1) predict symptom improvement regardless of treatment modality and (2) predict treatment specific improvement. Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral data from unmedicated patients with MDD (n = 200) were investigated. Participants were randomized to daily treatment of sertraline or placebo for 8 weeks. NRS-PM with 1000 iterations of 10 cross-validation were implemented to identify brain connectivity signatures that predict percent improvement in depression severity at week-8. Results The study identified a pretreatment CFP that significantly predicts symptom improvement independent of treatment modality but failed to identify a treatment specific CFP. Regardless of treatment modality, improved antidepressant response was predicted by high pretreatment connectivity between modules in the default mode network and the rest of the brain, but low external connectivity in the executive network. Moreover, high pretreatment internal nodal connectivity in the bilateral caudate predicted better response. Conclusions The identified CFP may contribute to drug development and ultimately to enhanced prognostic predictions. However, the results do not assist with providing personalized medicine, as pretreatment functional connectivity failed to predict treatment specific response.

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Salience Network Disruption in U.S. Army Soldiers With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

The Contribution of Thalamic Nuclei in Salience Processing

The Contribution of Thalamic Nuclei in Salience Processing

Associations between resting‐state functional connectivity and treatment response in a randomized clinical trial for posttraumatic stress disorder

Pretreatment Brain Connectome Fingerprint Predicts Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

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