Saliency-Based Gaze Visualization for Eye Movement Analysis

Abstract

Gaze movement and visual stimuli have been utilized to analyze human visual attention intuitively. Gaze behavior studies mainly show statistical analyses of eye movements and human visual attention. During these analyses, eye movement data and the saliency map are presented to the analysts as separate views or merged views. However, the analysts become frustrated when they need to memorize all of the separate views or when the eye movements obscure the saliency map in the merged views. Therefore, it is not easy to analyze how visual stimuli affect gaze movements since existing techniques focus excessively on the eye movement data. In this paper, we propose a novel visualization technique for analyzing gaze behavior using saliency features as visual clues to express the visual attention of an observer. The visual clues that represent visual attention are analyzed to reveal which saliency features are prominent for the visual stimulus analysis. We visualize the gaze data with the saliency features to interpret the visual attention. We analyze the gaze behavior with the proposed visualization to evaluate that our approach to embedding saliency features within the visualization supports us to understand the visual attention of an observer.

Bistable perception, precision and neuromodulation

“…Their model integrates sensory information with top-down models to predict eye movements, using an ideal observer model, like our formulation. Separately, active vision theory also considers the active component to be central component of visual perception, for example the Saliency Map Model ( Yoo et al. 2021 ), Guided Search Model ( Wolfe 2021 ), etc.…”

Visualização de dados sobre UX: um estudo preliminar da literatura

“…Também é possível explorar a trajetória de navegac ¸ão do usuário pelas telas de um software [Ebel et al 2021] ou por páginas web [Cernea et al 2014]. Os dados de navegac ¸ão podem ser associados a dados de rastreamento ocular, como: campo de visão [Ebel et al 2021]; pontos de fixac ¸ão [Da Silva Franco et al 2019]; tempo e frequência de fixac ¸ão [Göbel et al 2019, Móro et al 2014; tipo de movimentac ¸ão ocular [Goodwin et al 2022]; e trajetória do olhar combinada à intensidade, cor e orientac ¸ão das regiões de fixac ¸ão [Yoo et al 2021].…”

Can Microsaccades Be Used for Biometrics?

“…The selected eye movement characteristics included pupillary response, fixation point density, scene semantics at fixation points and several saccade characteristics. Yoo et al [ 42 ] also analyzed eye movement behavior, emphasizing the salience of visual stimuli (again, attention is paid to the semantics of the scene). A low-pass filter was used to remove fixation movements that were considered noise in the system.…”