Salination of soil by salts in the irrigation water

Doñeen, L. D.

doi:10.1029/tr035i006p00943

Cited by 77 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This entails a series of cumulative effects, once water and osmotic potentials of leaves, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, relative water content in the leaves, and synthesis of biochemical constituents are affected. These effects, combined, result in a shorter accumulation of photoassimilates in the leaves and affect the grain yield (Sultana et al, 1999 Electrical conductivity (EC) of irrigation water is the attribute most often used for monitoring the salinity of irrigation water, by the practicability of its measurement and high correlation with the amount of soluble salts, since the EC is the measure of resistance passage of electric current between electrodes in a solution where ionic solutes (cations and anions) are present (Doneen, 1975). Grattan et al (2002) estimate a yield loss of 50 % with an EC of around 7.4 dS m -1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle

Fraga

Carmona

Anghinoni

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYLosses of productivity of flooded rice in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, may occur in the Coastal Plains and in the Southern region due to the use of saline water from coastal rivers, ponds and the Laguna dos Patos lagoon, and the sensibility of the plants are variable according to its stage of development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the production of rice grains and its components, spikelet sterility and the phenological development of rice at different levels of salinity in different periods of its cycle. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in pots filled with 11 dm 3 of an Albaqualf. The levels of salinity were 0.3 (control), 0.75, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m -1 kept in the water layer by adding a salt solution of sodium chloride, except for the control, in different periods of rice development: tillering initiation to panicle initiation; tillering initiation to full flowering; tillering initiation to physiological maturity; panicle initiation to full flowering; panicle initiation to physiological maturity and full flowering to physiological maturity. The number of panicles per pot, the number of spikelets per panicle, the 1,000-kernel weight, the spikelet sterility, the grain yield and phenology were evaluated. All characteristics were negatively affected, in a quadratic manner, with increased salinity in all periods of rice development. Among the yield components evaluated, the one most closely related to grain yields of rice was the spikelet sterility.Index terms: yield components, spikelet sterility, Oryza sativa.(

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle

Fraga

Carmona

Anghinoni

et al. 2010

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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“…According to classification based on PS, all the groundwater samples have PI values below 5, indicating that they can be safely utilized for irrigation purposes (Table 2) [22]. High PS values damages soil, and generally reduces crop yield.…”

Section: Salinity Potential (Ps)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Assessment and Modeling of Water Quality for Irrigation and Industrial Purposes in Otuoke and Environs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Nwankwoala¹,

Abadom²,

Oborie³

2018

Water conserv. manag.

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The study assesses the geochemistry of water quality for irrigation purposes in Otuoke and environs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Assessment of the water quality for irrigation purposes was achieved using models like Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Permeability index (PI), Kelly's ratio (KR), Magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Sodium percentage and Potential soil (PS) salinity reveals that all the groundwater samples are in excellent condition and can be used for irrigation purposes. Sodium percentage reveals that 14% (2 samples) of the groundwater samples are permissible, while 86% (12 samples) of the groundwater samples are doubtful for irrigation purposes. Magnesium Adsorption ratio reveals that 93% (13 samples) of the groundwater samples are good for irrigation while the remaining 7% (1 sample) is unsuitable for irrigation. Kelly's ratio shows that all the water samples are unsuitable for irrigation. The groundwater in the area shows LSI ranges from -4.34 to -2.24, with a mean of -2.93. Positive Langelier saturation index (LSI) values suggest that water is supersaturated with respect to CaCO3 and scale formation may occur in pipelines and equipment. All groundwater samples have negative Langelier saturation index (LSI) values, which suggest that the groundwater is unsaturated with CaCO3 and fit for industrial usage. The results obtained could serve as a future reference when studying the water quality of Otuoke and its environment.

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“…PS (Potential Salinity) Doneen [43] pointed out that the suitability of water for irrigation is not dependent on the concentrations of soluble salts. Doneen is of the opinion that the low soluble salts gets precipitated in the soil and accumulated with each successive irrigation, whereas the concentrations of highly soluble salts enhance the salinity of the soil.…”

Section: Evaluations Of Groundwater Quality As An Agricultural Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Na K K Na Ca Mg 100 Doneen (1954Doneen ( , 1962 Higher salinity reduces the osmotic activity of plants and prevents water from reaching the branches and leaves of plants resulting in inferior production [34]. Moreover, irrigation water with high Na + and low Ca 2+ favors ion exchange by saturation of Na + , destroys the soil structure due to dispersion of clay particles [35] resulting in minor production due to difficulty in cultivation [36].…”

Section: Evaluations Of Groundwater Quality As An Agricultural Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemistry for the Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Korea

Hwang¹,

Park²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

JACEN

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Understanding of the aquifer hydraulic properties and hydrochemical characteristics of water is crucial for management plan and study skims in the target area, and flow motions and chemical species of groundwater are regarded as precious information on the geological history of the aquifers and the suitability of various usages. Cations and anions of groundwater are used to estimate the characteristics and origin of groundwater. In this study, we try to evaluate the quality of groundwater based on the comparison of the physiochemical characteristics and distribution of cations and anions in groundwater from rural areas. Therefore we focused on the evaluation of groundwater as some specific purposes such as agricultural and industrial use, general types of groundwater, lithological origin of chemical component in groundwater. In this point of view, major objectives of this study were grouped as following three categories: 1) quality assessment of groundwater as a special usage (agricultural, industrial); 2) determination of groundwater types; 3) tracing of ion sources of groundwater. The quality of agricultural water was evaluated using SAR, sodium (%), RSC, PI, SSP, MH, PS, and Kelly's ratio, and was classified as SAR (Excellent (100%)), Sodium ((Excellent (34%), Good (55%), Permissible (9%), Doubtful (1.6%), Unsuitable (0.4%)), RSC (Good (95.7%), Medium (3.5%), Bad (0.8%)), PI((Excellent (40.6%), Good (59%), Unsuitable (0.4%)), SSP ((Excellent (26.3%), Good (59.8%), Fair (13.1%), Poor (0.8%)), MH ((Acceptable (94.4%), Non-Acceptable (5.6%)), Kelly's Ratio ((Permissible (93%), NonPermissible (7%)), PS ((Excellent to Good (98%), Good to Injurious (1.2%), and Injurious to Unsatisfactory (0.2%)). Evaluation based on the Wilcox diagram was classified as "excellent to good" or "good to permissible", and the water quality evaluated using the U.S. salinity Laboratory's Diagram was classified as C1S1 (Excellent/Excellent) and C2S1 (Good/Excellent). And, in the applications of two factors of Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) and Corrosive ratio (CR), we could get similar results for defining the suitabilities of groundwater for the industrial purpose. And the groundwater samples were also clas- Ca -HCO + − type. And, estimation of dominance type (evaporation, rock, precipitation) based on the Gibbs diagram showed that the origin of anion and cation in groundwater are from the rock-do-minance, and the estimation of origin of anions using the Chadha diagram showed that the most of the ionic species was originated from the interactions between alkaline earths and alkali metals contained in the soil. And through the source-rock deduction followed by the comparison of Gibbs and Chadah diagram, it was shown that the chemical components in the groundwater were mostly induced from the water-rock deduction and major types of groundwater samples following the Chadah diagram were categorized such as following group types: dolomite type, gypsum type, alkaline and alkaline earth type.

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Salination of soil by salts in the irrigation water

Cited by 77 publications

References 2 publications

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle

Flooded rice yield as affected by levels of water salinity in different stages of its cycle

Geochemical Assessment and Modeling of Water Quality for Irrigation and Industrial Purposes in Otuoke and Environs, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Hydrochemistry for the Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Korea

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