Salinity and Temperature Effects on Seed Germination of Milk Thistle

Ghavami, N.; Ramin, A. A.

doi:10.1080/00103620701662901

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sindel (1991) reported 94% seed viability with little initial dormancy, although dormancy can be induced when the seeds are buried in the soil, where they can remain viable for ≥9 years. The seed germination rate reached the maximum at 15°C and decreased with increasing temperatures (Ghavami & Ramin 2007). The milk thistle emergence decreased with the burial depth, but substantial emergence occurred from 8 cm (Young et al.…”

Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and the management options for growers in north‐western Pakistan

Khan

Blackshaw

Marwat

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is cultivated as a medicinal plant but it also can be a troublesome weed. It is an annual or biennial herb that prefers high rainfall and fertile soils. Milk thistle has become a widespread weed in north-western Pakistan, where it causes yield reductions Յ37% in wheat and poses harvesting problems due to its thorny nature. Shortcomings in cultural practises, such as a low crop seed rate, wide row spacing, broadcast fertilizer, and limited crop rotation have contributed to milk thistle becoming a severe weed problem for farmers in this region.This paper reviews the biology of milk thistle and discusses the possible management options for its control, considering the socioeconomic conditions of farmers in Pakistan.

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Section: Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and the management options for growers in north‐western Pakistan

Khan

Blackshaw

Marwat

2009

Weed Biology and Management

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“…Seed germination is a major factor limiting the establishment of plants under saline conditions (Ghavami and Ramin, 2007) and is the most critical phase in plant life (El-Keblawy and Al-Rawai, 2005) that greatly influenced by salinity (Misra and Dwivedi, 2004). Salinity is reported to decrease as well as delay in germination of most of the crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of two medicinal plants under salinity

Sedghi

Nemati²,

Esmaielpour³

2010

Emir. J. Food Agric

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Priming is one of the seed enhancement methods that might be resulted in increasing seed performance (germination and emergence) under stress conditions such as salinity, temperature and drought stress. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different priming types on seed germination of two medicinal plants including pot marigold (Calendula officinalis) and sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) under salinity stress. Treatments were combinations of 5 levels of salinity stress (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ds m-1) and 5 levels of priming (control, GA 3 , Manitol, NaCl and distilled water) with 3 replications. Seeds of pot marigold and sweet fennel were primed for 24 h at 25°C. Results indicated that with increasing salinity, germination traits such as germination percent, rate and plumule length decreased, but seed priming with GA 3 and NaCl showed lower decrease. In all of the salinity levels, primed seeds (except manitol) possessed more germination rate and plumule length than control. The highest radicle fresh and dry weight in pot marigold was seen at 7.5 ds m-1 salinity stress level. It seems that higher germination rate in pot marigold shows higher tolerance to salinity than sweet fennel. Priming with NaCl and GA 3 caused an increase in germination percent of pot marigold and sweet fennel in various range of salinity, but in lower salinity levels percent of germination was higher than upper ones. The result of this experiment is consistent with the hypothesis that under undesirable conditions such as salinity stress, priming with GA 3 and NaCl can prepare a suitable metabolic reaction in seeds and can improve seed germination performance and seedling establishment.

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“…Similar results were reported for Prosopis juliflora (El-Keblawy and Al-Rawai, 2005) and Panicum turgidum (Al-Khateeb, 2006). Slow seed germination under salt-stressed when compared with non-stressed conditions, however, could be due to osmotic and/or ionic effects of the saline germination medium (Ghavami and Ramin., 2007). Our results indicated that salt stress decreased the germination and delayed the emergence of H. scoparium seeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of salinity and temperature on the germination of Hedysarum scoparium Fisch. et Mey.

Xue¹,

Wang²,

Du³

et al. 2012

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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This study was conducted to determine the effects of temperature and salinity on seed germination and their recovery of germination after being transferred from saline conditions to distilled water. The germination responses of the seeds in complete darkness were determined over a wide range temperatures (10 to 35°C) and salinities (0 to 500 mM NaCl). Germination was inhibited above or below the optimal temperature of 15°C. The highest germination percentages were under non-saline conditions, and increased NaCl concentrations progressively inhibited seed germination. Germination rate decreased with increased salinity at all temperatures, but the highest rates were at 15°C. The interaction between salinity and temperature yielded no germination at 500 mM NaCl (25 and 35°C). After 10 days, seeds were transferred from salt solution to distilled water, and germination recovered at all temperatures with low salinity. At 500 mM NaCl, there was no germination recovery at 25 and 35°C. The results showed that salt stress decreased both the percentage and the rate of germination, exposure to high concentration of NaCl permanently inhibited germination at high temperature.

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Salinity and Temperature Effects on Seed Germination of Milk Thistle

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Biology of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and the management options for growers in north‐western Pakistan

Biology of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and the management options for growers in north‐western Pakistan

Effect of seed priming on germination and seedling growth of two medicinal plants under salinity

Influence of salinity and temperature on the germination of Hedysarum scoparium Fisch. et Mey.

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