Salinity Effect on Seed Germination and Growth of Two Warm-season Native Grass Species

Qi, Zhang; Rue, Kevin; Wang, Sheng

doi:10.21273/hortsci.47.4.527

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…4A). It was not surprising to see this result because previous studies have observed that increasing salinity stress inhibited plant growth and development of ornamental grasses significantly (Alvarez, 2006;LeCompte et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…ex Kunth) Lag. ex Griffiths (blue grama) has moderate tolerance to salinity when grown at a saturated soil extract (EC e ) of 4 to 8 dS • m -1 (Kratsch et al, 2008), and its salt tolerance varies within ecotypes and is greater at the germination stage than the mature stage (Zhang et al, 2012). P. alopecuroides 'Hameln' is slightly more tolerant to salt spray than M. sinensis 'Gracillimus' (Alvarez, 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Growth, Gas Exchange, and Mineral Nutrients of Ornamental Grasses Irrigated with Saline Water

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Niu³

et al. 2019

horts

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Ornamental grasses are commonly used in urban landscapes in Utah and the Intermountain West of the United States. The relative salt tolerance of Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. (purple love grass), Miscanthus sinensis Andersson ‘Gracillimus’ (maiden grass), Panicum virgatum L. ‘Northwind’ (switchgrass), and Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash (little bluestem) were evaluated in a greenhouse. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 1.2 dS·m–1 (control), or saline solution at an EC of 5.0 or 10.0 dS·m–1. At harvest (65 days after the initiation of treatment), P. virgatum and S. scoparium exhibited no foliar salt damage, and E. spectabilis and M. sinensis had minimal foliar salt damage when irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 5.0 dS·m–1. At an EC of 10.0 dS·m–1, P. virgatum and S. scoparium still had no foliar salt damage, but E. spectabilis and M. sinensis displayed slight foliar salt damage, with visual scores greater than 3 (0 = dead; 5 = excellent). Compared with the control, saline solution at an EC of 5.0 and 10.0 dS·m–1 reduced the shoot dry weight of all ornamental grasses by 25% and 46%, respectively. The leaf sodium (Na+) concentration of E. spectabilis, M. sinensis, P. virgatum, and S. scoparium irrigated with saline solution at an EC of 10.0 dS·m–1 increased 14.3, 52.6, 5.3, and 1.7 times, respectively, and the chloride (Cl–) concentration increased by 9.4, 11.1, 2.8, and 2.7 times, respectively. As a result of the salt-induced water deficit, plant height, leaf area, number of inflorescences and tillers, net photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), and transpiration rate of four tested ornamental grasses decreased to some extent. Although high Na+ and Cl– accumulated in the leaf tissue, all ornamental grass species still had a good visual quality, with average visual scores greater than 3. In conclusion, all ornamental grasses showed a very strong tolerance to the salinity levels used in this research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, Gas Exchange, and Mineral Nutrients of Ornamental Grasses Irrigated with Saline Water

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Niu³

et al. 2019

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“…Texoka were used in this experiment. Salinity tolerance of the grasses were determined in the previous studies (17,18), except tall fescue cv. Stonewall.…”

Section: Salinity Waterlogging and Their Combined Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sub‐plot factor was the four turfgrass species. Within each species, data were expressed as percent of the control to avoid genetic differences in seed size and seedling vigor (17). Data were subjected to analysis of variance using PROC GLM (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) and means were separated with Fisher's protected least significant difference at P ≤ 0.05.…”

Section: Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity (NaCl), Waterlogging, and their Combined Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Turfgrass Species

Zuk

Rue

2013

Applied Turfgrass Science

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Salinity and waterlogging are two major abiotic stressors commonly associated with irrigated soils. In this experiment, tall fescue cv. Stonewall, Kentucky bluegrass cv. Bewitched, blue grama ecotype Bad River, and buffalograss cv. Texoka were germinated under well‐drained (control), waterlogging (i.e., flooding), saline (5 g NaCl/liter), or a combination of waterlogging and saline conditions (saline‐waterlogging) in two greenhouses (Study I and II). Plants were evaluated on germination percentage, shoot and root fresh weight, and the longest root length. Waterlogging with tap water did not inhibit seed germination or seedling growth. Germination, shoot and root fresh weight, and the longest root length were significantly decreased under saline conditions, alone or combined with waterlogging. The highest reduction occurred under saline condition alone which ranged from 36% of the control in the longest root length in Study I to 1% of the control in root fresh weight in Study II. Soil salinity levels were similar between the control and waterlogging treatments, which was significantly lower than the salinity treatment and the combined effects. Tall fescue was the most tolerant to both salinity and waterlogging stresses. Kentucky bluegrass, blue grama, and buffalograss showed a similar level of tolerance to salinity, waterlogging, and the combined stress.

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“…The discrepancy between our study and the previous findings might be the result of the different cultivars evaluated in the studies or differences in growth stages. Because salinity tolerances vary during plant growth stages Zhang et al, 2012), we speculate that drought tolerance may also vary in growth stages as well. Unfortunately, growth stage was not defined by Beard (1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycinebetaine Seed Priming Improved Osmotic and Salinity Tolerance in Turfgrasses

Zhang¹,

Rue²

2012

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Exogenous application of glycinebetaine (GB), an osmoprotectant, increases tolerance to stresses including salinity in various plants. Information on turfgrass, however, is limited. In this study, GB was used to prime turfgrass seeds to enhance salinity tolerance during germination and seedling growth stage when plants are more sensitive to stresses. Unprimed and primed (50, 100, 150, or 200 mm solution of GB or distilled water) seeds of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) (PR), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) (TF), creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) (CB), and kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (KB) were germinated in solutions of distilled water, mannitol (causing osmotic stress only), or NaCl (causing both osmotic and ionic stresses). Their osmotic potential (ψS) and salinity level were -0.1 MPa and 0.1 dS·m−1 (no stress), –1.0 MPa and 0.1 dS·m−1 (moderate osmotic stress), and –1.0 MPa and 14.6 dS·m−1 (moderate osmotic and ionic stresses), respectively. Seeds primed with GB showed a higher germination rate (11.0% to 13.9% increase) and seedling growth (19.3% to 20.7% increase) in mannitol or NaCl solution than in distilled water. Different turf species showed different responses to osmotic and ionic stresses. No differences in germination and seedling growth of PR, TF, and KB were observed between mannitol and NaCl treatments, indicating that osmotic stress appeared to more critical than ionic stress under saline conditions. For CB, the seed germination rate and seedling growth were lower (19.3% to 44.2% reduction) in NaCl than in mannitol, showing an accumulative effect of both osmotic and ionic stresses under saline conditions.

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Salinity Effect on Seed Germination and Growth of Two Warm-season Native Grass Species

Cited by 17 publications

References 14 publications

Growth, Gas Exchange, and Mineral Nutrients of Ornamental Grasses Irrigated with Saline Water

Growth, Gas Exchange, and Mineral Nutrients of Ornamental Grasses Irrigated with Saline Water

Salinity (NaCl), Waterlogging, and their Combined Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Turfgrass Species

Glycinebetaine Seed Priming Improved Osmotic and Salinity Tolerance in Turfgrasses

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