Abstract:In this paper, we demonstrate a novel Salinity sensor based on Tamm-Plasmonpolariton (TPP), comprising of different shapes of Bragg reflector (ordinary, texturing, and Sawtooth) and metallic layer, is proposed. The finite element method is used to study the considered structure and sensing performance by using the COMSOL multiphysics simulation procedure. Here, we study the effect of surface morphology on the sensitivity; firstly, in the case of one-dimensional photonic crystals centered defect, it has a negat… Show more
“…Hence, for saline water with increasing salinity and decreasing temperature, the refractive index increases as in Eq. ( 8 ) 52 , 53 . Figure 5 Refractive index and extinction coefficient of water as a function of incident wavelength as shown.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, for saline water with increasing salinity and decreasing temperature, the refractive index increases as in Eq. ( 8) 52,53 .…”
Section: Sun Illumination (Am 15 G) For Saline Watermentioning
For sustainable water desalination, there is a worldwide push towards solar thermal desalination with the objective to limit the amount of consumed energy in other desalination technologies and maximize the resulting freshwater from saline water. Here, we demonstrate a photonic crystals solar umbrella that covers the saline water surface, demanding to absorb all the incident electromagnetic wave and remit it as greater wavelengths in the range of mid-infrared (MIR) to be highly absorbed and localized close to the water surface. The temperature of the saline water with a refractive index of 1.3326 is reached to $$45^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
45
∘
C
after one hour of illumination with the incident power intensity equal 680 $$(\mathrm{w}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2})$$
(
w
/
m
2
)
. Hence, by adding one-dimensional PCs the surface temperature is reached $$77^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
77
∘
C
. Also, by adding 2D PCs to allow the vapor to flow up through the pores of the structure with the diameter of the pore equal to 500 nm, the surface temperature is reached $$100^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
100
∘
C
after three hour of illumination. Thus, the effective use of electromagnetic waves and warmth localization at the surface of saline water is accomplished by radiative coupling with the effect of 2D PCs. We design the considered structure by using COMSOL multiphysics which based on the finite element method (FEM).
“…Hence, for saline water with increasing salinity and decreasing temperature, the refractive index increases as in Eq. ( 8 ) 52 , 53 . Figure 5 Refractive index and extinction coefficient of water as a function of incident wavelength as shown.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hence, for saline water with increasing salinity and decreasing temperature, the refractive index increases as in Eq. ( 8) 52,53 .…”
Section: Sun Illumination (Am 15 G) For Saline Watermentioning
For sustainable water desalination, there is a worldwide push towards solar thermal desalination with the objective to limit the amount of consumed energy in other desalination technologies and maximize the resulting freshwater from saline water. Here, we demonstrate a photonic crystals solar umbrella that covers the saline water surface, demanding to absorb all the incident electromagnetic wave and remit it as greater wavelengths in the range of mid-infrared (MIR) to be highly absorbed and localized close to the water surface. The temperature of the saline water with a refractive index of 1.3326 is reached to $$45^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
45
∘
C
after one hour of illumination with the incident power intensity equal 680 $$(\mathrm{w}/{\mathrm{m}}^{2})$$
(
w
/
m
2
)
. Hence, by adding one-dimensional PCs the surface temperature is reached $$77^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
77
∘
C
. Also, by adding 2D PCs to allow the vapor to flow up through the pores of the structure with the diameter of the pore equal to 500 nm, the surface temperature is reached $$100^\circ \mathrm{C}$$
100
∘
C
after three hour of illumination. Thus, the effective use of electromagnetic waves and warmth localization at the surface of saline water is accomplished by radiative coupling with the effect of 2D PCs. We design the considered structure by using COMSOL multiphysics which based on the finite element method (FEM).
“…The transfer matrix method (TMM) is used to determine the optical properties of the presnt structure (transmittance, reflectance, and absorbance spectra) because of electromagnetic waves interaction with our structure. Many previous studies have investigated the details of TMM (Elsayed et al 2021;Sayed et al 2022;Zaky and Aly 2021;Aly et al 2022;Abadla et al 2021;El-Shemy et al 2022;Mehaney et al 2019;Mehaney 2019). The following matrix (M) represents the total transfer matrix for the proposed structure with the number of periods (N 1 ) of PSi 1 and PSi 2 -layers:…”
Section: Transfers Matrix Methods (Tmm)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The final type is based on photonic crystal fiber and Bragg gratings structures (Baccini, et al 2019). Photonic crystals (PhCs) have recently gained prominence in a variety of applications such as optical fibers, sensors, and biomedical devices (Entezam et al 2016;Elsayed et al 2021;Sayed et al 2022). Photonic band gaps (PBGs) are a key and unique feature of PhCs that prevent light from propagating at particular frequency intervals, which come from destructive interference of the PhC's constituent materials.…”
In the current work, we demonstrate a design to act as a Gamma-ray radiation dosimeter based on the one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PhC). The basic concept of the present dosimeter is based on a Porous Silicon (PSi) infiltrated by poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA)-polymer doped with crystal violet (CV) and carbol-fuchsine (CF) dyes. The mechanism of suggested dosimeter is based on the shift of the photonic bandgap (PBG) to higher wavelengths as exposed to gamma-ray radiation doses from 0 to 70 Gray (Gy). The basic axes of the current theoretical treatment are the transfers matrix method (TMM), Bruggeman's effective medium equation, and the fitted experimental data to the refractive index of the doped PVA-Polymer. The obtained results showed the proposed sensor is characterized by high stable sensitivity varied from (178–186 nm/ RIU) along an applied γ-dose from (10–70 Gy) in the visible range. In addition, we compared these results with previous researches. In addition, based on the our knowledge may be it is the first time that a 1D-PhC has been used for gamma-ray detection by using (PVA/CV + CF) based on Porous Silicon.
“…Aside from these studies, two research articles have recently been published in the references [ 33 , 34 ] relating to a one-dimensional photonic structure for biological sensors that measure alcohol concentration and salinity in water. Even though the authors considered a one-dimensional photonic structure, the defectiveness (in reference [ 33 ]) and clumsy structure led to complicated fabrication.…”
Section: Materials and Methods And Structure And Mechanismmentioning
In this research, a one-dimensional (1D) photonic structure was employed to study the nature of both enamel and dentine teeth at the signal of 1.8 THz. A simple three layer one-dimensional crystal is chosen to avoid fabrication intricacy. The materials and methods for sample preparations are discussed. The principle of investigation of caries in the teeth relies on the amount of reflected signal from the structure. Similarly, reflectance is a function of refractive indices and thickness of each layer, the nature of both substrate and infiltrated materials, and the configuration of the structure. Apart from this, the fabrication process of one-dimensional structure and experimental set-up was proposed in this article. The numerical treatment is explained here to obtain reflectance, and subsequently, the output potential. Comparison studies on output potential between enamel and dentine are also shown through graphical representation. The output result in terms of milli-Volt (mV) were obtained at the output end and collected at the photodiode. Interesting results were also observed at the photodetector. For example; the output potential of the reflected signal is around 0.18 mV for both enamel and dentine teeth whereas the potential is more than 0.26 mV and 0.31 mV for caries in dentine and enamel, respectively. Finally, it was inferred that the nature of teeth pertaining to the caries in the enamel and dentine teeth can be investigated by identifying the amount of potential at the output end.
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