Salinity threshold of desalinated saline water used for drip irrigating: The perspective of emitter clogging

Liu, Zeyuan; Zha, Yingdong; Muhammad, Tahir; Li, Yunkai

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132143

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Considering land sustainability and forage yield persistence, EC w = 5.79 dS m −1 (equal to 5 g L −1 ) was recommended as the acceptable salinity level for saline water irrigation of tall wheatgrass in the Coastal Grass Belt targeted area. Interestingly, a recent study demonstrated that 5 g L −1 desalinated saline water is the salinity threshold for drip irrigation to avoid emitter clogging [43]. Additionally, Wu et al predicted that the highest soil salt content of 0.497% is the salinity threshold of the cotton root zone in arid areas [44].…”

Section: Confirmation Of Acceptable Salinity Level For Saline Water I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptable Salinity Level for Saline Water Irrigation of Tall Wheatgrass in Edaphoclimatic Scenarios of the Coastal Saline–Alkaline Land around Bohai Sea

Li,

Yin,

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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Saline water irrigation contributes significantly to forage yield. However, the acceptable salinity levels for saline water irrigation of tall wheatgrass remains unclear. In this study, field supplemental irrigations of transplanted-tall wheatgrass with saline drainage waters having salinities of electrical conductivity (ECw) = 2.45, 4.36, 4.42, and 5.42 dS m−1 were conducted to evaluate the effects of saline water irrigation on forage yield and soil salinization. In addition, the effects of plastic film mulching, fertilization, and saline water irrigation on sward establishment of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass were determined. Finally, a pot experiment was carried out to confirm the above field results. The results showed that two irrigations with ECw = 2.45 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters produced the highest dry matter yield, followed by one irrigation with ECw = 4.42 or 5.42 dS m−1. After rainfall leaching, the soil EC1:5 was reduced by 41.7–79.3% for the saline water irrigation treatments. In combination with saline water irrigation, plastic film mulching promoted sward establishment and enhanced the plant height and dry matter yield of seed-propagated tall wheatgrass, while fertilization played a marginal role. However, two irrigations with ECw = 7.13 and 4.36 dS m−1 saline waters resulted in rates of 3.2% and 16.0% of dead plants under the mulching and no mulching conditions, respectively. Furthermore, a pot experiment demonstrated that irrigation with ECw = 5.79 dS m−1 saline water led to the lowest reduction in forage yield and the highest crude protein content in leaves. However, the plants irrigated with ECw ≥ 6.31 dS m−1 saline water enhanced soil salinity and reduced the plant height, leaf size, and gas exchange rate. Conclusively, one irrigation with ECw ≤ 5.42 dS m−1 and SAR ≤ 36.31 saline water at the end of April or early May could be acceptable for tall wheatgrass production and minimize the soil salinization risk in the coastal saline–alkaline land around the Bohai Sea.

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Section: Confirmation Of Acceptable Salinity Level For Saline Water I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptable Salinity Level for Saline Water Irrigation of Tall Wheatgrass in Edaphoclimatic Scenarios of the Coastal Saline–Alkaline Land around Bohai Sea

Li,

Yin,

et al. 2023

Agriculture

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“…Physical clogging is caused by organic or inorganic suspended matter, such as algae, phytoplankton, and zooplankton residues, plastic fragments, sand, silt, and clay particles that cannot be filtered out in irrigation water using filtration equipment 9 . Chemical clogging is caused by the soluble substances in water sources, such as carbonates, phosphates, sulfates, silicates, hydroxides, Fe 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and sulfides, that form chemical precipitates under certain conditions 10 . The use of groundwater, saline water, and fertigation for irrigation can cause chemical clogging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical precipitation, a common method of controlling clogging, can be greatly avoided by lowering the pH of irrigation water with acidic chemicals. However, it has significant operator needs and runs the danger of crop damage, soil acidification, and etching of the drip irrigation system 6 , 10 . Therefore, it is imperative to create a more ecologically friendly, safe, and effective emitter clogging control technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of saline and magnetized water on emitter hydraulic performance and clogging in drip irrigation

Abdelsalam,

Mostafa,

El-Ansary

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The present investigation was carried out at the National Irrigation Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Dokki, Giza, Egypt. This study was performed to investigate the hydraulic performance and clogging ratio of drip irrigation with magnetized water. Magnetized water was created by transferring water through a permanent magnet connected to a feed pipeline. Two main treatments of magnetized and non-magnetized water, as well as three sub-treatments of irrigation water salts, including fresh water (219 ppm) and the addition of 1000 and 2000 ppm to irrigation water with three replications were applied under different operating pressure (75, 100, 125 and 150 kPa). At the beginning of the experiment, results show that hydraulic parameters were almost the same for both the magnetized and the non-magnetized water and for all salinity levels. At the end of working time, the hydraulic parameters were improved for the magnetized water under salinity levels compared to the non-magnetized water. Average emitter discharge increased with roughly 2.7% and 5.6%, coefficient of variation (Cv) decreased by 0.6 and 0.91%, emission uniformity (Eu) increased about 1 and 1.1% and variation of average flow rate (qavr) decreased by 21.3 and 29.4% when 1000 and 2000 ppm were used, respectively. Magnetized water had slight effect on clogging at non-saline water at the end of experiment. At 1000 and 2000 ppm salinity levels, the clogging ratio decreased by 1.97 and 2.45% at different pressure, respectively. The results show that magnetized water treatment could effectively relieve and delay the occurrence time of clogging.

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“…In Northern China, SDI yielded significantly higher winter wheat and summer maize crops compared to surface drip irrigation, partial root zone irrigation, and flood irrigation technologies [18]. Nevertheless, two issues affect the application of SDI: outlet clogging resulting from mud suction and root invasion [19][20][21][22] and difficulties in recycling SDI pipes [23]. These issues have impeded the widespread adoption of SDI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Burial Furrow Parameters on Soil Water Movement under Subsurface Stalk Composite Pipe Irrigation

Wu,

Feng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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Stalk composite pipe (SCP), a novel product used for subsurface irrigation, is primarily composed of crop stalks, soil, and water. In subsurface SCP irrigation (SSI), comprehending the effects of burial furrow parameters on soil water movement is critical. However, the precise effects are not known. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of varying burial furrow dimensions, including widths of 15, 20, and 25 cm, depths of 10, 15, and 20 cm, and backfilling-soil bulk densities of 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3 g cm−3, on wetted distance and soil water movement. We conducted an indoor soil bin experiment and numerical simulation using HYDRUS-2D in 2020–2021 in Zhengzhou City, Northern China. Wider burial furrows resulted in increased wetted distance and soil water content, ultimately leading to greater effect in a horizontal direction. In the horizontal profile, the average soil water content of the SSI treatments, which used burial furrow widths of 15, 20, and 25 cm, were 1.121, 1.230, and 1.280 times higher, respectively, than those of CK. The burial furrow depth had minimal effect on the wetted distance, whereas adjusting the burial furrow depth primarily affected the saturation depth. The speed of wetting-front migration was affected by the backfilling-soil bulk density. For a given soil and crop, it is advisable to determine first the burial furrow width and backfilling-soil bulk density. Subsequently, the burial furrow depth should be established based on the distribution of the crop’s roots. Our findings offer a scientific basis for using SSI.

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Salinity threshold of desalinated saline water used for drip irrigating: The perspective of emitter clogging

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Acceptable Salinity Level for Saline Water Irrigation of Tall Wheatgrass in Edaphoclimatic Scenarios of the Coastal Saline–Alkaline Land around Bohai Sea

Acceptable Salinity Level for Saline Water Irrigation of Tall Wheatgrass in Edaphoclimatic Scenarios of the Coastal Saline–Alkaline Land around Bohai Sea

Evaluation of saline and magnetized water on emitter hydraulic performance and clogging in drip irrigation

Effects of Burial Furrow Parameters on Soil Water Movement under Subsurface Stalk Composite Pipe Irrigation

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