Salinization Threats to Agriculture across the North Sea Region

Gould, Iain; Waegemaeker, Jeroen De; Tzemi, Domna; Wright, Isobel; Pearson, Simon; Ruto, Eric; Karrasch, Leena; Christensen, Laurids Siig; Aronsson, Henrik; Eich‐Greatorex, Susanne; Bosworth, Gary; Vellinga, P.

doi:10.1201/9781003112327-5

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These observations all point to severe saline intrusion not specifically caused by ATBM but more likely by upwelling of saline groundwater and a lack of freshwater replenishment in (extreme) dry weather conditions. Such seepage salinization is a widely observed feature of low‐lying areas around the North Sea (Gould et al, 2022) and in our areas already long‐time acknowledged (Van Meirvenne et al, 1988). The salinity measurements during both 24 h‐cycles also did not show any increasing trend upstream the tidal gate (Figure S2b).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…By leaving tidal doors ajar around high tide for several hours, a substantial amount of glass eels is able to pass (Laffaille et al, 2007; Mouton et al, 2011; Van Wichelen et al, 2021). Water managers in western Europe nowadays are however reluctant for the unlimited use of ATBM since they are already confronted with saline groundwater upwelling and severe saltwater accumulation in the upstream polder areas (i.e., land below sea level with mainly domestic purposes) as a result of successive periods of extreme drought, as such deteriorating agriculture and drinking water production (e.g., Gould et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nocturnal tidal barrier management improves glass eel migration in times of drought and salinization risk

Wichelen

Buysse

Verhelst

et al. 2022

River Research & Apps

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Adjusted tidal barrier management (ATBM, setting tidal doors ajar during tidal rise) is currently applied in Belgium to improve glass eel passage through tidal gates. However, salt intrusion in the receiving waters due to upwelling and accumulation of saline groundwater as a result of intensive drought put severe pressure on the unrestrained use of this cost‐efficient mitigation measure. We evaluated the efficacy of a very restricted ATBM at a tidal barrier on a small canalized waterway, located 3.5 km from the sea: one out of seven gate doors was left 20 cm ajar for ca. 30 min when the water levels on both sides of the tidal barrier were approximately equal. During 20 inflow events differing in tidal flow (i.e., flood or ebb tide) and daytime (i.e., day or night) in March/April 2019, migrating glass eels were caught with a fyke net fixed on the temporally opened gate. In total, 12,853 glass eels were captured, almost all during flood tides at night (96%), with a maximum catch of 3,827 individuals per inflow event. These results show that even small windows of opportunity can help glass eels pass tidal barriers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocturnal tidal barrier management improves glass eel migration in times of drought and salinization risk

Wichelen

Buysse

Verhelst

et al. 2022

River Research & Apps

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“…Salinity reduces crop yields, which limits economic gains and increases hunger and poverty [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Therefore, changes to farming practices and landscape planning in combination with focused plant breeding programs to achieve adaptive plants resistant to salt-affected soils are needed [ 3 , 5 , 6 ]. One important step in achieving productivity on saline soils involves developing salt tolerant crop varieties [ 3 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Salinity Tolerance-Associated Variables Observed in EMS Mutagenized Wheat Lines

Lethin

Byrt

Berger

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Salinity tolerance-associated phenotypes of 35 EMS mutagenized wheat lines originating from BARI Gom-25 were compared. Vegetative growth was measured using non-destructive image-based phenotyping. Five different NaCl concentrations (0 to 160 mM) were applied to plants 19 days after planting (DAP 19), and plants were imaged daily until DAP 38. Plant growth, water use, leaf Na+, K+ and Cl− content, and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were measured, and six lines were selected for further analysis. In saline conditions, leaf Na+, K+, and Cl− content variation on a dry weight basis within these six lines were ~9.3, 1.4, and 2.4-fold, respectively. Relative to BARI Gom-25, two (OA6, OA62) lines had greater K+ accumulation, three (OA6, OA10, OA62) had 50–75% lower Na+:K+ ratios, and OA62 had ~30% greater water-use index (WUI). OA23 had ~2.2-fold greater leaf Na+ and maintained TKW relative to BARI Gom-25. Two lines (OA25, OA52) had greater TKW than BARI Gom-25 when grown in 120 mM NaCl but similar Na+:K+, WUI, and biomass accumulation. OA6 had relatively high TKW, high leaf K+, and WUI, and low leaf Na+ and Cl−. Phenotypic variation revealed differing associations between the parameters measured in the lines. Future identification of the genetic basis of these differences, and crossing of lines with phenotypes of interest, is expected to enable the assessment of which combinations of parameters deliver the greatest improvement in salinity tolerance.

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“…These days, water shortages and environmental degradation are significant issues. Salinization and urbanization pose a danger to the long-term viability of agriculture [1]. Salinity may lead to a decrease in agricultural productivity, an imbalance in the ecosystem, and changes in physiochemical soil characteristics [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seed germination is inhibited by soluble salts, which restrict seeds from taking water from the soil due to osmotic action [6]. Salinity and sodicity result in a decrease in crop production, ecological imbalance, and change in soil physiochemical properties, which ultimately causes low income, soil erosion, and environmental pollution [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Salinity with Different Cl-:SO42- Ratios on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth

Asad

Zuhra

Murtaza

et al. 2022

IJPSS

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A major threat for sustainable agriculture is the continuous increase in salt-affected area. Salt stress causes the land degradation, ecological imbalance, Environmental pollution and reduce the crop production. It changes different physical and chemical processes taking place in plant body such as seed germination and uptake of different nutrients and water. Wheat is the main cereal crop and primary diet for one third population of the humans. It can tolerate the salinity effect to some extent but at higher level of salinity, its production reduces significantly. Salt-affected soils have relatively more number of salts which are easily solubilize in water and exchangeable sodium as compared to the normal soil. These salts are ionized and produce different types of cations (Mg2+, Ca2+ and Na+) and anions (Cl-, CO32-, SO42-, and HCO3-). Sulphate salinity is also toxic for plant growth as chloride salinity. The objective of this research is to assess the effect of salinity with various Cl-:SO42- ratios on wheat growth. A pot trial was conducted on wheat by creating salinity with different levels of chloride and sulphate (4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4). Experimental design was complete randomized design (CRD). Different physiochemical parameters of soil before and after harvesting of the crop and also growth parameters were determined. Data was analysed using statistical software. On the basis of these results, it was determined that both types of salinity reduced the wheat growth significantly, but chloride type salinity has more injurious effect than sulphate salinity. It was concluded that chloride ion has more toxic effect than sulphate ion for wheat growth and development.

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Salinization Threats to Agriculture across the North Sea Region

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Nocturnal tidal barrier management improves glass eel migration in times of drought and salinization risk

Nocturnal tidal barrier management improves glass eel migration in times of drought and salinization risk

Improved Salinity Tolerance-Associated Variables Observed in EMS Mutagenized Wheat Lines

Influence of Salinity with Different Cl-:SO42- Ratios on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth

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