2021
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.701411
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Saliva-Based ELISAs for Effective SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Monitoring in Vaccinated Individuals

Abstract: In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global health emergency—the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Since then, the development and implementation of vaccines against the virus amidst emerging cases of re-infection has prompted researchers to work towards understanding how immunity develops and is sustained. Serological testing has been instrumental in monitoring the development and persistence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 infection, however inconsistencies in detection … Show more

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Cited by 9 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Only a handful of prior studies have assessed the presence of salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in naturally infected 15 , 17 , 18 , 33 , 34 or vaccinated individuals 35 , 36 , but have presented differing results, and have universally acknowledged challenges with measurement of salivary antibodies and a need for improvement of salivary assays. Faustini et al detected anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum of 95% of previously infected patients, but salivary antibodies were detected in only 17.5% of this cohort, primarily in those with higher serum antibody levels 18 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Only a handful of prior studies have assessed the presence of salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in naturally infected 15 , 17 , 18 , 33 , 34 or vaccinated individuals 35 , 36 , but have presented differing results, and have universally acknowledged challenges with measurement of salivary antibodies and a need for improvement of salivary assays. Faustini et al detected anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the serum of 95% of previously infected patients, but salivary antibodies were detected in only 17.5% of this cohort, primarily in those with higher serum antibody levels 18 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SARS-CoV-2 immunity in the respiratory mucosa, particularly in saliva, includes locally secreted dimeric IgA as well as IgG that comes largely from the systemic immune response via gingival transduction in the gums ( 15 ). Correlating IgG plasma and saliva levels from recovered COVID-19 patients have been reported to persist for at least 3 months ( 15 17 ). Our study provides evidence of long-term and constant SARS-CoV-2 RBD IgG levels for most COVID-19 convalescent individuals not only in plasma but - to our knowledge - for more than one year in saliva.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent patients and vaccinated individuals produce both serum and mucosal antibodies (2,3). Although serum antibodies are traditionally measured, saliva sampling for mucosal antibody measurements has shown promising first results leading to the first FDA approved saliva based antibody test in June 2021 (4,5). As saliva sampling is quick and painless this could be a convenient alternative to serum sampling, in particular for children.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%