Saliva biomarkers in oral disease

Zhou, Yaping; Liu, Zhenqi

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2023.117503

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Recent researches indicate that part of the genetic alterations for TSCC contain progressive change in DNA methylation, overexpression of carcinoembryonic antigen, histone modification and expression level alteration of miRNAs, etc. As a result, the epigenetic alterations, including DNA fragments in saliva [ 14 , 15 ], immune-related gene transcript [ 16 ], the neutrophil-to‐lymphocyte ratio [ 17 ], platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio [ 18 ] and miRNA expression [ 19 ], could be used as the promising biomarkers for early-stage detection for prognosis, which bridge the defect of traditional Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging system [ 20 ]. In recent years, with the purpose of finding more reliable diagnostic techniques, research based on microRNA molecular mechanisms has become an important academic focus [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA expression as a prognostic biomarker of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sun,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Background Recent studies have indicated that microRNA (miRNA) expression in tumour tissues has prognostic significance in Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) patients. This study explored the possible prognostic value of miRNAs for TSCC based on published research. Methods A comprehensive literature search of multiple databases was conducted according to predefined eligibility criteria. Data were extracted from the included studies by two researchers, and HR results were determined based on Kaplan‒Meier curves according to the Tierney method. The Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale (NOS) and GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) pro-GDT were applied to assess the quality of all studies. Publication bias was estimated by funnel plot, Egger’s rank correlation test and sensitivity analysis. Results Eleven studies (891patients) were included, of which 6 reported up-regulated miRNAs and 7 mentioned down-regulated miRNAs. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) from the prognostic indicator overall survival (OS) was 1.34 (1.25–1.44), p < 0.00001, indicating a significant difference in miRNA expression between TSCC patients with better or worse prognosis. Conclusion MiRNAs may have high prognostic value and could be used as prognostic biomarkers of TSCC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA expression as a prognostic biomarker of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sun,

Li,

Zhou

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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“…Saliva is an ideal medium for biomarker discovery due to its non-invasive, safe, and simple collection process, which facilitates repeated sampling with minimal discomfort to the patient (5). Inflammatory mediators, such as Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8), along with total salivary proteins, are gaining attention as salivary biomarkers because they are closely related to the progression of periodontal disease (2,(6)(7)(8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory mediators, such as Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and Interleukin 8 (IL-8), along with total salivary proteins, are gaining attention as salivary biomarkers because they are closely related to the progression of periodontal disease (2,(6)(7)(8). This interest is based on several studies that have reported elevated levels of these analytes in the saliva of patients with periodontal disease, highlighting their potential usefulness as diagnostic indicators or markers of disease progression (5,9,10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These challenges include their short half-life, the variability of concentrations within the same individual, and their fluctuating levels corresponding to different stages of periodontal disease (14,15). Studies indicate that salivary levels of these markers can vary significantly in measurements taken on different days in the same individual (5,16). This variability is influenced by numerous factors, such as the activities of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, medication usage, circadian rhythms, and physical exercise (17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, everyday factors such as nutrition, hydration, and oral hygiene can influence the variability of salivary analytes (5,24). To address this variability, numerous studies have standardized saliva collection methods by setting specific times for collection and controlling for the period since the last tooth brushing and meal (7,8,25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability of salivary analytes under daily conditions and their implications for periodontitis biomarkers

Rocha,

Orlandini,

Motta

et al. 2024

Front. Dent. Med

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IntroductionRecent studies have identified inflammatory mediators as potential biomarkers for monitoring or diagnosing periodontitis. However, the brief half-life of these mediators, coupled with their variability among different individuals and across different stages of periodontal disease, may limit their reliability as biomarkers.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the concentration profile of salivary biomarkers (IL-6, IL-8, and total protein) through repeated measurements within the same day and across different days in 79 patients exhibiting various states of periodontal health: intact periodontium, stable periodontitis, and active periodontitis. Additionally, we explored how daily variations, such as the interval between toothbrushing and eating, impact the levels of these salivary biomarkers and their diagnostic efficacy for periodontitis activity.ResultsOur results showed high salivary levels of IL-6 and total proteins in periodontitis patients (p < 0.001), with detection ability reflected by an Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) ranging between 0.709 and 0.852. Conversely, IL-8 levels were higher in patients with intact periodontium (p < 0.001), with an AUC-ROC for periodontitis detection between 0.671 and 0.815. Daily activities such as toothbrushing and eating influenced the levels of specific analytes, particularly total proteins (p < 0.001), but this did not affect their ability to detect periodontal disease activity. The highest measurement agreement, assessed by Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), was found for IL-6, with no significant differences in agreement between same-day and different-day measurements.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated consistency in the repeated measurements of salivary analytes, both within the same day and across different days, except for salivary total protein levels. These analytes exhibited variability within a range that did not undermine their effectiveness as biomarkers for periodontal disease.

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