Salivary and serum levels of neutrophil proteases in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim was to profile serum and salivary levels of active‐matrix metalloproteinase (aMMP)‐8, tissue inhibitor MMP (TIMP)‐1, aMMP‐8/TIMP‐1 ratio, total MMP (tMMP)‐9, tMMP‐9/TIMP‐1 ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and human neutrophil elastase (HNE) in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and MethodsRheumatoid arthritis patients with periodontitis (RA + P, n = 26), periodontally healthy RA patients (RA, n = 23), systemically healthy periodontitis patients (P, n = 24), and controls (C, n = 24) were included. aMMP‐8 levels were determined by a time‐resolved immunofluorescence assay (IFMA), TIMP‐1, tMMP‐9, MPO, and HNE levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays.ResultsHigher salivary aMMP‐8 (p < 0.001), aMMP‐8/TIMP‐1 ratio (p = 0.043), tMMP‐9 (p = 0.011), tMMP‐9/TIMP‐1 ratio (p = 0.022), MPO (p = 0.026) and HNE (p < 0.001) levels were detected in P relative to the controls. Salivary TIMP‐1 was increased in RA patients regardless of periodontal status (RA + P vs. P: p = 0.038; RA vs. C: p = 0.020). Serum neutrophil proteases were increased in RA groups (RA + P, RA) compared to systemically healthy groups (P, C) (p < 0.05).ConclusionsSerum levels of neutrophil proteases were increased in RA study groups; however rheumatologic status seemingly does not affect salivary levels of these proteins.

Evaluating the potential of matrix metalloproteinase as a diagnostic biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…The included studies represent 6 cross-sectional, [ 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 26 , 33 ] 2 prospective interventional [ 21 , 24 ] and 1 prospective cohort study. [ 19 ] The features of the selected studies are shown in Supplementary Table S1, http://links.lww.com/MD/K117 .…”

“…Kirchner, Jäger, Krohn-Grimberghe, Patschan, Kottmann, Schmalz, Mausberg, Haak, Ziebolz [23] * * * ** * 6 Dogukan Yilmaz, katariina Niskanen, Emel Gonullu, Taina Tervahartiala, Ulvi kahraman Gursoy, Timo Sorsa [33] * * * * * * 6 For instance, the diagnosis of PD in the literature varied; some studies defined PD as "mild/moderate/severe," [20][21][22][23]25] while others used clinical parameters such as clinical attachment level, probing depth and bleeding on probing [19,24,26] to define periodontal disease. None of the included studies categorized PD into chronic and aggressive types.…”

“…Sixty 7 percent of the studies enrolled subjects of European ancestry [19][20][21][22]25,26] whilst the remaining studies recruited participants of transcontinental country of Turkish ancestry. [20,24,33] Six studies included smokers, [19][20][21][22]24,25] whereas 1 study [26] did not mention if smokers were included. In the RA group, the disease duration was stated in all studies, ranging from the date of diagnosis to 28.2 years.…”

“…One study did not report any drugs used for RA treatment. [26] Five studies collected GCF samples, [20][21][22][23][24] 2 studies [25,26] collected both GCF and serum samples, while 2 studies [19,33] collected both serum and saliva samples. With regards to the assessment technique, 5 studies [20][21][22]24,25] employed commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (ELISA), 3 studies [19,20] used immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) whereas 1 study [26] analyzed the samples with sandwich ELISA technique.…”

Salivary Alterations of Myeloperoxidase in Patients with Systemic Diseases: A Systematic Review

“…The study by Yilmaz et al [41] showed that only serum levels of MPO were significantly elevated in patients with RA compared with the healthy controls, regardless of periodontal status. In turn, salivary MPO concentrations were increased but without statistical significance.…”