Salivary biomarkers of periodontal disease in response to treatment

Abstract

Background Salivary biomarkers of periodontitis were assessed longitudinally to determine response to therapy. Methods A 6-month case-controlled study of adults with chronic periodontitis was performed, with 33 participants receiving oral hygiene instructions (OHI) alone and 35 with scaling and root planing (SRP) combined with OHI. Saliva samples collected at week 0, 16 and 28 were analyzed for interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α. Clinical measures of periodontal disease were recorded at each visit. Results All parameters of periodontal health improved significantly in both groups by week 16 (p<0.0001) with the SRP group demonstrating greater benefit at week 16 and 28. Baseline OPG and TNF-α levels changed significantly at both follow-up visits (p<0.03), regardless of treatment group. IL-1β and MMP-8 levels decreased significantly from baseline (p≤0.04) in the SRP group only. OPG, MMP-8 and MIP-1α were significantly reduced in responders compared with non-responders (p=0.04, 0.01, 0.05 respectively). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, MMP-8 produced the highest area under the curve (≥ 0.7; p=0.01). Conclusion Salivary levels of IL-1β, MMP-8, OPG and MIP-1α reflected disease severity and response to therapy suggesting their potential utility for monitoring periodontal disease status.

Development of a standardized flow cytometric method to conduct longitudinal analyses of intracellular CD3ζ expression in patients with head and neck cancer

“…Identifying biomarkers in the blood or other body fluids of an individual may aid in the diagnosis of disease and predict treatment outcomes in patients with HNSCC (3,4). In a cross-sectional study, analysis of a candidate biomarker uses single time-point sampling from population data (5). By contrast, a longitudinal analysis involves using multiple samples from a single patient at various time points; therefore, this type of analysis reveals quantitative alterations in the candidate biomarker in the patient, which may be associated with improved health, treatment outcomes and clinical status of the patient (6).…”

Saliva as a future potential predictor for various periodontal diseases

“…IL-1β and TNF-α are is produced by a wide variety of cell types (macrophages, fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and PMNs leucocytes), but the primary producer of IL-1β in the gingival tissues is the macrophage. 4,5,[13][14][15][16][17] IL-1β has a number of biologic effects, including initiating the acute phase response to infection. However, in the periodontium, it likely functions to mediate connective tissue destruction and osteoclastic bone resorption.…”

“…Salivary levels of IL-1β, MMP-8, OPG, and MIP-1α refl ected disease severity and response to therapy suggesting their potential utility for monitoring periodontal disease status. [13][14][15][16][17] OPG used as a marker of bone turnover. [3][4][5]17 It can be concluded that the indicators of acute periodontitis can detect with β-glucuronidase and AST, IL-1β, and MMP-8, whereas indicators for chronic periodontitis can detect with ALP.…”

“…They suggest that salivary IL-1β in saliva more thoroughly as markers of periodontitis. 3,[12][13][14][15][16][17] OPG is glycoprotein that inhibits osteoclast differentiation an activity competitively by preventing osteoclast differentiatin factor receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-beta ligand (RANKL) from binding to osteoclast precursor and promoting the formation of bone-resorbing osteoclast. OPG used as a marker of bone turnover.…”

Concentrações de MMP-8, MMP-9, MPO, TIMP-1 e TIMP-2 na saliva e correlações com plasma

“…Também tem sido mostrado que a MMP-8 analisada pela técnica de ELISA diminui após o tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico, assim como no tratamento com doxyciclina (Sorsa, Ding et al 1994;Gorska and Nedzi-Gora 2006;Sexton, Lin et al 2011). …”