Salivary coagulopathy and immunoglobulins in oral submucous fibrosis

Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) remains a threat amongst a large population across the globe and particularly in India. Among the 28 known carcinogens in SLT, tobacco-specific nitrosamines are considered to be the most potent and it has been shown to cause immunomodulatory effects making the individual susceptible to various diseases. Immunoglobulins (Ig) form the defense against pathogens at the mucosal surfaces and SLT might interfere with its production and function. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to estimate the level of IgG and IgA in SLT patients and establish a correlation between them. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 subjects (34 khaini users and 26 gutkha users) were selected for the study. Complete demographic data and history was taken and clinical examination done to evaluate any oral mucosal changes. Venous blood samples were taken to analyze the serum immunoglobulin parameters. Results: Significant changes were observed in the serum IgA and IgG level in SLT users. Serum IgG level had a positive correlation whereas serum IgA had a negative correlation with the form of SLT and were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The present study might serve as an early diagnostic tool and helpful in creating awareness on the hazards of using SLT among the Indian population as a despicable substitute to smoking tobacco. It also confers an imperative role into SLT mediated effects on immunoglobulins levels.

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Serum Immunoglobulins as Diagnostic Markers in Smokeless Tobacco Users for Prevention of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

Shukla

Khaitan

Gupta

et al. 2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Estimation of Serum Immunoglobulins as a Diagnostic Marker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) Patients

Dhillon¹,

Maiti²,

Singh³

et al. 2022

Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology

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Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder affecting the oral mucosa, now accepted globally as a disease. The Indian subcontinent has high malignant transformation potential with multifactorial etiologies and unclear pathogenesis. Immunological pathogenesis has been hypothesized as a causative factor for oral submucous fibrosis. Aim: To quantitatively evaluate IgG and IgM in serum of oral submucous fibrosis, thereby observing any possible association of these immunoglobulins in the pathogenesis of this disease. Material and Methods: A case-control study was done among 60 subjects, including 30 patients with clinically confirmed OSMF and 30 in the control group. Two milliliters of blood was collected from both groups. Quantitative analysis of serum IgG and IgM was done by turbidometric immunoassay. The results were analyzed by unpaired student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: All patients of OSMF showed increased serum IgG compared to the control group, and the differences were found to be statistically significant (P >.05). On comparing IgM levels between the control and study group, differences were statistically nonsignificant (P < 0.457). Conclusion: The elevation of immunoglobulin levels supports the concept of autoimmunity.

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Estimation of serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A levels in oral submucous fibrosis patients

Choudhary¹,

Swami²,

Kale³

et al. 2022

Natl J Maxillofac Surg

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Background: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a disabling, chronic, insidious potentially malignant condition of the oral cavity seen predominantly in the Indian subcontinent. Due to the idiopathic nature and various immunological changes seen in some OSMF patients, it can be considered an autoimmune disorder. Hyperimmunoglobulinemia is often seen with OSMF. Aim and Objectives: (i) To estimate the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in OSMF patients; (ii) to correlate the serum IgG and IgA levels with age and gender of OSMF patients; (iii) to correlate the serum IgG and IgA levels with clinical stages of OSMF; (iv) to correlate the serum IgG and IgA levels with the content of the habit in OSMF patients. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from a total of 50 patients (25 OSMF cases and 25 controls) of both genders and IgG and IgA levels were estimated by NEPHELOMETRY. Results: As compared to the control group, the mean serum IgG level was marginally increased among the OSMF patients and the mean serum IgA level was marginally decreased among the OSMF patients, but this was not statistically significant. Furthermore, there was only a weak correlation between serum immunoglobulins and content of the habit and no significant correlation was found between the serum IgG and IgA levels and age and sex of the OSMF patients. Serum IgG was increased and IgA was decreased with increasing stages of OSMF. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that there is an alteration in serum immunoglobulin levels in OSMF patients as compared to the control group.

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Salivary coagulopathy and immunoglobulins in oral submucous fibrosis

Cited by 4 publications

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Serum Immunoglobulins as Diagnostic Markers in Smokeless Tobacco Users for Prevention of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

Serum Immunoglobulins as Diagnostic Markers in Smokeless Tobacco Users for Prevention of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders

Estimation of Serum Immunoglobulins as a Diagnostic Marker in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) Patients

Estimation of serum immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A levels in oral submucous fibrosis patients

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