Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to <i>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</i> in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy

Liu, Yan; Xing, Zhimin; Wang, Junge; Geng, Congli

doi:10.1177/1945892418793470

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Being the main allergen component toward which children are sensitized, IgA antibodies in saliva specific for Phl p 1 were significantly higher in individuals treated with GRAZAX ® for 3 years compared to the control group. This is in line with findings from a mixed age group SCIT cohort of house dust mite allergic individuals, in which salivary levels of Der p 1–specific IgA were increased in actively treated subjects . Additionally, in the present study we observed a sustained effect 2 years after treatment cessation, suggesting that B cells have become IgA producers in the local immune environment and possibly remained as memory cells after the treatment ended.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sublingual immunotherapy alters salivary IgA and systemic immune mediators in timothy allergic children

Huoman

Papapavlou

Pap

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Background: Immunomodulatory effects of sublingual immunotherapy on systemic and mucosal mediators in allergic children are largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to investigate allergy-related cytokine and chemokine levels, as well as IgA-responses upon a 3-year treatment with timothy grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.Methods: From children included in the GRAZAX ® Asthma Prevention study, blood and saliva samples were analyzed at inclusion, after 3 years of treatment, and 2 years after treatment ending. By means of Luminex and ELISA methodologies, allergy-related cytokines and chemokines were measured in plasma samples and allergen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatants. Furthermore, studies of total, secretory, and Phl p 1-specific salivary IgA antibodies were performed using the same methods.Results: GRAZAX ® -treated children exhibited significantly higher levels of Phl p 1specific salivary IgA and serum IgG 4 , along with significantly lower skin prick test positivity, after 3 years of treatment and 2 years after treatment cessation.Additionally, plasma levels of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11 were significantly higher in treated than untreated children at these time points.Timothy-induced ratios of IL-5/IL-13 over IFN-γ were significantly decreased after 3 years with active treatment, as were symptoms of allergic rhinitis in terms of both severity and visual analogue scale scores. However, no consistent correlations were found between the clinical outcomes and immunologic parameters. Conclusion: Phleum pratense sublingual immunotherapy in grass pollen allergic children modulates the immune response in the oral mucosa as well as systemically-by increasing Th1-responses, decreasing Th2-responses, and inducing immunoregulatory responses-all signs of tolerance induction. | 523 HUOMAN et Al.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Sublingual immunotherapy alters salivary IgA and systemic immune mediators in timothy allergic children

Huoman

Papapavlou

Pap

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…347 This makes it a unique finding, as it is the first time anyone has successfully measured grass pollen-specific IgA-antibodies in saliva, which poses certain challenges as a study matrix. Moreover, although other studies have shown elevations of house dust mite-specific salivary IgA-antibodies upon SCIT in adults 348 , this is the first study to show corresponding elevations of timothy grass pollen-specific IgA in saliva from children and adolescents upon SLIT treatment. Upon further examination of these level over time in children treated with GRAZAX ® , a significant difference was observed between the time of inclusion and after three years of treatment, but not later ( Figure 21B).…”

Section: Paper IIIcontrasting

confidence: 49%

Immune maturation and modulation in childhood allergies : Aspects of epigenetic, mucosal and systemic immune mediators in allergy development and prevention

Huoman

2020

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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“…Allergenspecific IgA2 is increased by AIT, but in contrast to IgG 4 , these differences become only apparent 2 years after initiation of the treatment (16). IgA together with IgE and IgG 4 is also present in salivary fluids and could be particularly interesting for sublingual immunotherapy (17).…”

Section: Tracking Allergen Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Success of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

Zissler¹,

Schmidt‐Weber²

2020

Front. Immunol.

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The immune response to antigens is a key aspect of immunology, as it provides opportunities for therapeutic intervention. However, the induction of immunological tolerance is an evolving area that is still not sufficiently understood. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a disease-modulating therapy available for immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated airway diseases such as allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma. This disease-modifying effect is not only antigen driven but also antigen specific. The specificity and also the long-lasting, often life-long symptom reduction make the therapy attractive for patients. Additionally, the chance to prevent the onset of asthma by treating allergic rhinitis with AIT is important. The mechanism and, in consequence, therapy guiding biomarker are still in its infancy. Recent studies demonstrated that the interaction of T, B, dendritic, and epithelial cells and macrophages are individually contributing to clinical tolerance and therefore underline the need for a system to monitor the progress and success of AIT. As clinical improvement is often accompanied by decreases in numbers of effector cells in the tissue, analyses of cellular responses and cytokine pattern provide a good insight into the mechanisms of AIT. The suppression of type-2 immunity is accompanied by decreased levels of type-2 mediators such as epithelial CCL-26 and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 produced by T cells that are constituting the immune memory and are increasingly controlled by regulatory T and B cells following AIT. Immune tolerance is also associated with increased production of type-1 mediators like interferon-gamma, tissue-homeostating factors like indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells. Although these individual genes were convincingly demonstrated to play a role immune tolerance, they do not predict therapy outcomes of AIT on an individual level. Therefore, combinations or ratios of gene expression levels are a promising way to achieve predictive value and definition of helpful biomarker.

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Salivary Immunoglobulin A, E, and G4 Levels Specific to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Immunotherapy

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Sublingual immunotherapy alters salivary IgA and systemic immune mediators in timothy allergic children

Sublingual immunotherapy alters salivary IgA and systemic immune mediators in timothy allergic children

Immune maturation and modulation in childhood allergies : Aspects of epigenetic, mucosal and systemic immune mediators in allergy development and prevention

Predicting Success of Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

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