Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children

Oliveira, Lívia Roberta Piedade de; Martins, Carla; Fidalgo, Tatiana Kelly da Silva; Freitas-Fernandes, Liana Bastos; Torres, Rafaela de Oliveira; Soares, Adriana de Jesus; Almeida, Fábio C. L.; Valente, Ana Paula; Souza, Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de

doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00007

Cited by 43 publications

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References 44 publications

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“…In addition, metabolomics of adults' saliva has addressed intra-and inter-individual variability and the effects of gender and stimulation (Dame et al, 2015;Neyraud, Tremblay-Franco, Gregoire, Berdeaux, & Canlet, 2013;Silwood, Lynch, Claxson, & Grootveld, 2002;Takeda et al, 2009). Such studies have extended to children (Almeida et al, 2017;Oliveira et al, 2016), although the knowledge of children's salivary metabolome remains limited. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry study has assessed the impact of dentition stage, caries, and sibship (descendent from same parents, or siblings) on children salivary metabolome (Foxman et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

et al. 2019

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Objectives Saliva metabolome is a promising diagnostic tool concerning oral and systemic diseases. We aimed at establishing a suitable protocol for saliva collection and gauging the relative impacts of gender, dentition stage, and caries on the saliva metabolome of a small children cohort. Subjects and methods A nuclear magnetic resonance‐based metabolomics cross‐sectional study of children saliva (n = 38) compared the effects of: (a) stimulation and unstimulation conditions, and (b) collection through passive drool and using an absorbing device. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were applied to evaluate such effects and those related to gender, dentition stage and caries. Results No significant differences were found between unstimulated and stimulated saliva, and the former was used for subsequent studies. Swab collection induced significant changes in sample composition, indicating passive drool as preferential. The impacts of gender and dentition stage were not significant compared to that of caries, which induced variations in the levels of 21 metabolites. These comprised amino acids and monosaccharides observed for the first time to our knowledge regarding children caries, suggesting protein hydrolysis and deglycosylation. Conclusions Unstimulated passive drool saliva metabolome may carry a caries signature.

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confidence: 99%

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

et al. 2019

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“…The samples were centrifuged at 10,000 ×g for 60 minutes at 4°C to remove cells and debris. 7,9,17,18 The supernatants were subsequently stored at −80°C until NMR analysis. For in vitro experiments, 1 mg/ml Claritin ® syrup (Schering-Plough, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) diluted in distilled water at pH 7.0 and mixed with 0.45 mL saliva was used.…”

Section: In Vitro Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The samples were centrifuged at 10,000 ×g and 4°C for 60 minutes, and the supernatants were used for NMR analysis. 7,9,17,18 Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis All samples were prepared by mixing 0.45 mL of the salivary material with 0.05 mL of deuterium oxide (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Inc., Cambridge, USA), which provides a field-frequency lock, and 0.01 mL of 5 mM sodium 2,2-dimethyl-2-silspentane-5-sulfonate solution (DSS; Sigma-Aldrich, Milwaukee, USA). Deuterium oxide was used as a lock to the magnetic field with the sample (lock), and DSS was used as the chemical shift reference (δ = 0.00 part per million [ppm]).…”

Section: In Vivo Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13,14,15,16 Among several analytical techniques used for metabolomic studies, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spect roscopy is suitable to identi f y low-molecular-weight salivary metabolites. 7,9,17,18 NMR is widely used because it is a non-destructive technique that provides detailed information on molecular structure, both for pure compounds and complex mixtures such as salivary fluid. 7,9,17,19,20 Using high-resolution 1 H-NMR spectroscopy, t h i s st udy tested t he nu l l hy pot hesi s t h at antihistamine-containing syrup does not change salivary metabolites.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of antihistamine-containing syrup on salivary metabolites: an in vitro and in vivo study

et al. 2021

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This study tested the null hypothesis that antihistaminecontaining syrup does not change salivary metabolites in vitro and in vivo. For the in vitro experiments, saliva from 10 volunteers was mixed with a syrup or pill suspension of loratadine (1 mg/ml Claritin ® , Schering-Plough, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). For the in vivo experiment, 10 volunteers performed a mouth rinse with 10 mL of antihistamine syrup (Claritin ® ; Schering-Plough, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) for 20 seconds and then discarded the rinse water. After 20 seconds, 5 mL of unstimulated whole saliva was spit into a plastic tube kept on ice. The protein profile of in vitro and in vivo experiments was analyzed using 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The samples were also analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, followed by Principal Component Analysis and Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05). There were differences in salivary metabolites after syrup interaction. The salivary concentrations of acetate, n-caproate, arginine, glutamate, and lysine among other metabolites were reduced with the syrup in both in vivo and in vitro experiments (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed when the pill suspension was used (p > 0.05). Similar changes in metabolite profiles were observed in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Electrophoresis revealed no difference in the salivary protein pattern. The null hypothesis was rejected because the intake of syrup medicine changes the salivary composition and influences oral homeostasis and susceptibility to oral diseases.

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“…If food consumption patterns modulate the metabolic fingerprint of saliva, then why are there numerous studies that do not perform dietary interventions on their volunteers and how did this method successfully elucidate the salivary metabolomic fingerprint of specific diseases? 38 , 57 , 67 − 69 To answer these questions, some key reflections must be pointed out. Variability in food consumption increases interindividual variability among subjects in the same study group, and this variation is possibly overlaid by the metabolic changes resulting from the disease process when compared to the control subjects.…”

Section: Perspectives Of Sars-cov-2 Salivary Metabolomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva NMR-Based Metabolomics in the War Against COVID-19

et al. 2020

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COVID-19 is an emergent, worldwide public health concern. Joint efforts have been made by scientific communities of various fields to better understand the mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2. The need to understand the pathophysiological fingerprint and pathways of this disease make metabolomics-related approaches an indispensable tool for properly answering concerns relating to disease course. Determination of the metabolomic profile may help to explain the heterogeneous spectra of COVID-19 clinical phenotypes and be useful in monitoring disease progression as well as therapeutic treatments. In this sense, saliva has proven to be a strategic biofluid, owing not only to its appeal as a noninvasive sampling method but also due to the capacity of the virus to invade epithelial cells of the oral mucosa and salivary gland ducts via ACE2 receptors. Accordingly, important changes in metabolism have been described relating to COVID-19, indicating that metabolomics may open new avenues for understanding the pathophysiology of this disease, especially via longitudinal study designs. Thus, we discuss the importance of comprehending the SARS-CoV-2 salivary metabolomic fingerprint and also highlight the situation of Brazil on the frontlines of the war against COVID-19.

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Salivary Metabolite Fingerprint of Type 1 Diabetes in Young Children

Cited by 43 publications

References 44 publications

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

Effect of antihistamine-containing syrup on salivary metabolites: an in vitro and in vivo study

Saliva NMR-Based Metabolomics in the War Against COVID-19

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