Salivary Microbiota in Oral Health and Disease

Belstrøm, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25091-5_11

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Our study shows that the microbial community of saliva is, as expected, very different from that inhabiting the other two body sites of the same patient. Variations of the salivary microbiota composition in oral health and disease conditions have been previously described (Belstrøm, 2015 ), suggesting that the oral microbial compositions may theoretically reflect the oral and general health status. According to previous data (Aas et al, 2005 ; Keijser et al, 2008 ; Lazarevic et al, 2009 ; Nasidze et al, 2009 ; Bik et al, 2010 ), we observed that sequences affiliated to the phylum Firmicutes dominates the bacterial communities in saliva samples, even though no significant difference was found between CRC patients and healthy controls The application of the linear discriminant analysis, showed an enrichment in members of Actinobacteria, Saccharibacteria, Proteobacteria (Beta class), Fusobacteria, Firmicutes (mainly Negativicutes and Bacilli ), and Bacteroidetes (exclusively represented by members of Flavobacteriia class and Prevotellaceae family) in saliva samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Preliminary Comparison of Oral and Intestinal Human Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Study

et al. 2018

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In this study Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) was used to analyze and compare human microbiota from three different compartments, i.e., saliva, feces, and cancer tissue (CT), of a selected cohort of 10 Italian patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) vs. 10 healthy controls (saliva and feces). Furthermore, the Fusobacterium nucleatum abundance in the same body site was investigated through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to assess the association with CRC. Differences in bacterial composition, F. nucleatum abundance in healthy controls vs. CRC patients, and the association of F. nucleatum with clinical parameters were observed. Taxonomic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene, revealed the presence of three main bacterial phyla, which includes about 80% of reads: Firmicutes (39.18%), Bacteroidetes (30.36%), and Proteobacteria (10.65%). The results highlighted the presence of different bacterial compositions; in particular, the fecal samples of CRC patients seemed to be enriched with Bacteroidetes, whereas in the fecal samples of healthy controls Firmicutes were one of the major phyla detected though these differences were not statistically significant. The CT samples showed the highest alpha diversity values. These results emphasize a different taxonomic composition of feces from CRC compared to healthy controls. Despite the low number of samples included in the study, these results suggest the importance of microbiota in the CRC progression and could pave the way to the development of therapeutic interventions and novel microbial-related diagnostic tools in CRC patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Preliminary Comparison of Oral and Intestinal Human Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Study

et al. 2018

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“…In a small sample study including 32 CRC patients and 11 controls (benign disease), MMP-2 and MMP-9 resulted more reliable than traditional serum markers such as CEA [75] . Analysis of microbes from saliva samples has been suggested as a noninvasive new biomarker of CRC assuming the existence of a correlation in GM composition between mouth and gut [96] . However, our pilot study failed in finding a significative difference of microbial saliva composition, comparing healthy controls with patients affected by CRC [27] .…”

Section: New Diagnostic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of gut microbiota-immunity axis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: Focus on short and long-term outcomes

Bartolini¹,

Risaliti²,

Ringressi³

et al. 2020

WJG

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Human body is colonized by a huge amount of microorganisms mostly located in the gastrointestinal tract. These dynamic communities, the environment and their metabolites constitute the microbiota. Growing data suggests a causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota in several pathologies, such as metabolic and neurological disorders, immunity dysregulations and cancer, especially the well-studied colorectal cancer development. However, many were preclinical studies and a complete knowledge of the pathogenetic mechanisms in humans is still absent. The gut microbiota can exert direct or indirect effects in different phases of colorectal cancer genesis. For example, Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes cancer through cellular proliferation and some strains of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis produce genotoxins. However, dysbiosis may also cause a proinflammatory state and the stimulation of a Th17 response with IL-17 and IL-22 secretion that have a pro-oncogenic activity, as demonstrated for Fusobacterium nucleatum. Microbiota has a crucial role in several stages of postoperative course; dysbiosis in fact seems related with surgical site infections and Enterococcus faecalis (and other collagenase-producers microbes) are suggested as a cause of anastomotic leak. Consequently, unbalanced presence of some species, together with altered immune response may also have a prognostic role. Microbiota has also a substantial role in effectiveness of chemotherapy, chemoresistance and in the related side effects. In other words, a complete knowledge of the fine pathological mechanisms of gut microbiota may provide a wide range of new diagnostic tools other than therapeutic targets in the light of tailored medicine.

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Salivary Microbiota in Oral Health and Disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Preliminary Comparison of Oral and Intestinal Human Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Study

Preliminary Comparison of Oral and Intestinal Human Microbiota in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Pilot Study

Role of gut microbiota-immunity axis in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer: Focus on short and long-term outcomes

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