Salivary proteins and peptides in the aetiology of caries in children: Systematic literature review

Piekoszewska‐Ziętek, Paula; Turska‐Szybka, Anna; Olczak‐Kowalczyk, Dorota

doi:10.1111/odi.12953

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To identify biomarkers for dental caries, different biological samples have been tried, including saliva [ 11 ]. This fluid contains protective molecules that directly or indirectly influence oral microorganisms and their potential cariogenic effect, thus allowing for the risk of caries to be predicted [ 11 ]. These molecules include those related to the immune system such as immunoglobulins, antimicrobial peptides, and proteins of the complement system [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age

Díaz

Simón-Soro

Forero

et al. 2021

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Electrolytes, proteins, and other salivary molecules play an important role in tooth integrity and can serve as biomarkers associated with caries. Objective: To determine the concentration of potential biomarkers in children without caries (CF) and children with caries (CA). Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected, and the biomarkers quantified in duplicate, using commercial Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits to determine IgA, fibronectin, cathelicidin LL-37, and statherin levels, as well as colorimetric tests to detect formate and phosphate. Results: Significantly higher concentrations of statherin was detected in the CF group (Median: 94,734.6; IQR: 92,934.6–95,113.7) compared to the CA2 group (90,875.0; IQR: 83,580.2–94,633.4) (p = 0.03). Slightly higher median IgA (48,250.0; IQR: 31,461.9–67,418.8) and LL-37 levels (56.1; IQR 43.6–116.2) and a lower concentration of formate were detected in the CF group (0.02; IQR 0.0034–0.15) compared to the group with caries (IgA: 37,776.42; IQR: 33,383.9–44,128.5; LL-37: 46.3; IQR: 40.1011–67.7; formate: 0.10; IQR: 0.01–0.18), but these differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The fact that these compounds have been identified as good markers for caries among European adults highlights the difficulty of identifying universal biomarkers that are applicable to all ages or to different populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age

Díaz

Simón-Soro

Forero

et al. 2021

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…Caries lesion development and progression are determined by de/remineralization, which depend on the balance between dental plaque bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates availability, and saliva protective factors (e.g., flow rate, pH, and buffering capacity; Moslemi et al, ; van Nieuw Amerongen et al, ). Additionally, several proteins have been recognized as involved in childhood caries (Hemadi, Huang, Zhou, & Zou, ; Piekoszewska‐Ziętek, Turska‐Szybka, & Olczak‐Kowalczyk, ; Wang, Zhou, Li, & Zhang, ), although such studies have not yet led to specific early‐risk markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, several proteins have been recognized as involved in childhood caries (Hemadi, Huang, Zhou, & Zou, 2017;Piekoszewska-Ziętek, Turska-Szybka, & Olczak-Kowalczyk, 2018;Wang, Zhou, Li, & Zhang, 2019), although such studies have not yet led to specific early-risk markers.…”

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confidence: 99%

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

et al. 2019

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Objectives Saliva metabolome is a promising diagnostic tool concerning oral and systemic diseases. We aimed at establishing a suitable protocol for saliva collection and gauging the relative impacts of gender, dentition stage, and caries on the saliva metabolome of a small children cohort. Subjects and methods A nuclear magnetic resonance‐based metabolomics cross‐sectional study of children saliva (n = 38) compared the effects of: (a) stimulation and unstimulation conditions, and (b) collection through passive drool and using an absorbing device. Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were applied to evaluate such effects and those related to gender, dentition stage and caries. Results No significant differences were found between unstimulated and stimulated saliva, and the former was used for subsequent studies. Swab collection induced significant changes in sample composition, indicating passive drool as preferential. The impacts of gender and dentition stage were not significant compared to that of caries, which induced variations in the levels of 21 metabolites. These comprised amino acids and monosaccharides observed for the first time to our knowledge regarding children caries, suggesting protein hydrolysis and deglycosylation. Conclusions Unstimulated passive drool saliva metabolome may carry a caries signature.

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“…25.2007.tde-09112007-094447) revealed that not all S. mutans genotypes detected in parents remained stable over time and colonized the oral cavity of their children. In addition, a systematic review (10) showed that caries risk assessment in children generally is based in case-control or cross-sectional and, cohort studies with adequate follow-up are needed. The aims of this cohort study were 1) to determine the frequencies of genes involved in the production of GbpA (gbpA) and mutacin types I, II, III and IV (mutAI, mutAII, mutAIII and mutAIV) in S. mutans and 2) to measure the intrafamilial risk of transmission, sharing and stability of genotypes of virulent S. mutans genotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: An intrafamilial cohort study on transmission of genotypes

Cota¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

2020

J Clin Exp Dent

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Background: The main aims of this cohort study were to measure the intrafamilial risk of transmission, sharing and stability of the most virulent S. mutans genotypes. Material and Methods: A total of 392 clinical isolates of S. mutans obtained from caries-active adults and genotyped to evaluate their transmissibility over time. After extraction of the chromosomal DNA, PCR were performed to detect the genes involved in the production of GbpA (gbpA) and mutacin types I, II, III and IV (mutAI, mutAII, mutAIII and mutAIV). Results: The gbpA, mutAI, mutAII, mutAIII and mutAIV genes were detected in 77.3, 12.5, 51, 16.6 and 89.8% of S. mutans isolates, respectively. The virulence of S. mutans was associated with its transmission (P < 0.01) and stability (P = 0.01), with the most virulent genotypes having higher transmissibility (RR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.44 to 2.32) and higher stability in the oral cavity (RR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.19). Conclusions: Genotypes with the genetic information to synthesize GbpA and mutacins present an important ecological advantage in the process of colonization by S. mutans; they remain stable among the oral microbiota of the host and favor intrafamilial transmission.

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Salivary proteins and peptides in the aetiology of caries in children: Systematic literature review

Cited by 13 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age

Evaluation of possible biomarkers for caries risk in children 6 to 12 years of age

Saliva NMR metabolomics: Analytical issues in pediatric oral health research

Virulence of Streptococcus mutans: An intrafamilial cohort study on transmission of genotypes

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