Salmonella Abortusovis: An Epidemiologically Relevant Pathogen

Amagliani, Giulia; Guardia, Maria E La; Dominici, Sabrina; Brandi, Giorgio; Omiccioli, Enrica

doi:10.1007/s00284-021-02689-1

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Salmonella spp. have also been reported in porcines [ 60 , 87 – 90 ], ovines [ 48 , 91 – 94 ], caprines [ 95 – 99 ], camelids [ 100 – 106 ], and a lesser extent in rhinoceros [ 107 – 111 ]. Notably, no Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in animal patients and the hospital environment at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

Karodia,

Shaik,

Qekwana

2024

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aim: Nosocomial infections caused by Salmonella spp. are common in veterinary facilities. The early identification of high-risk patients and sources of infection is important for mitigating the spread of infections to animal patients and humans. This study investigated the occurrence of Salmonella spp. among patients at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa. In addition, this study describes the environmental factors that contribute to the spread of Salmonella spp. in the veterinary facility. Materials and Methods: This study used a dataset of Salmonella-positive animals and environmental samples submitted to the bacteriology laboratory between 2012 and 2019. The occurrence of Salmonella isolates at the veterinary hospital was described based on source, month, season, year, and location. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each variable. Results: A total of 715 Salmonella isolates were recorded, of which 67.6% (483/715) came from animals and the remainder (32.4%, 232/715) came from environmental samples. The highest proportion (29.2%) of Salmonella isolates was recorded in 2016 and most isolates were reported in November (17.4%). The winter season had the lowest (14.6%) proportion of isolates reported compared to spring (31.3%), summer (27.8%), and autumn (26.4%). Salmonella Typhimurium (20.0%) was the most frequently reported serotype among the samples tested, followed by Salmonella Anatum (11.2%). Among the positive animal cases, most (86.3%) came from equine clinics. Most reported isolates differed based on animal species with S. Typhimurium being common in equines and S. Anatum in bovines. Conclusion: In this study, S. Typhimurium emerged as the predominant strain in animal and environmental samples. Equines were the most affected animals; however, Salmonella serotypes were also detected in the production animals. Environmental contamination was also a major source of Salmonella species in this study. To reduce the risk of transmission, strict infection prevention and control measures (biosecurity) must be implemented. Keywords: environment, hospital, animals, risk factors, Salmonella enterica, Typhimurium, veterinary.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in animal patients and the hospital environment at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

Karodia,

Shaik,

Qekwana

2024

Vet World

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main infectious agents causing abortions in small ruminants are Chlamydia abortus, C. burnetii, Toxoplasma gondii, Salmonella enterica, Campylobacter spp., Brucella spp. and Pestivirus (6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The distribution of these abortifacient pathogens may vary among regions and flocks worldwide attending to several factors, such as management practices, flock size, climatic conditions, vaccination, eradication strategies or nutritional factors (11)(12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious abortions in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula: Optimization of sampling procedures for molecular diagnostics

Alzuguren¹,

Domínguez²,

Chacón³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionInfectious abortions have a major impact on small domestic ruminant farms, i.e., sheep and goats, both in terms of profitability and health status. Therefore, rapid and sensitive diagnosis is essential to minimize losses. Currently, molecular techniques, such as qPCR, are routinely used for their diagnosis, which imply the need to manipulate all abortive material, with consequent biosafety risks. Here, we evaluate the frequency of the main abortifacient pathogens in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula and also assess an alternative approach for the optimization of sampling for molecular diagnosis.ResultsA total of 392 clinical cases were analyzed from April 2020 to May 2021, evidencing that the main causative agents of abortion detected were Coxiella burnetii (49.0%), Chlamydia abortus (38.3%) and, to a lesser extent, Toxoplasma gondii (10.2%), Salmonella enterica (7.1%) and Campylobacter spp. (6.1%). An uneven distribution of these pathogens was observed between ruminant species, with a higher frequency (p < 0.05) of T. gondii, S. enterica and Campylobacter spp. in sheep than goat abortions, and among geographic areas, highlighting the higher frequency (p < 0.05) of T. gondii and Campylobacter spp. in the north compared to southeastern Spain. The alternative sampling method, consisting on the use of fetal tongues and placental swabs in replacement of the whole fetus and placental tissue, offered a very good agreement with the classical method for all pathogens, except for low concentrations of C. burnetii, which seems to have a doubtful role in abortion when its concentration in the abortifacient material is low.ConclusionsThis study reveals a high frequency of infectious etiology in abortions of small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula and validates for the first time an alternative sampling method for molecular diagnosis that will help to provide rapid and accurate results while minimizing biosafety risks.

show abstract

Salmonella and Salmonellosis in Wild Birds

Wigley

2024

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonella enterica is an important bacterial pathogen in humans and warm-blooded animals. Wild bird species represent both a potential reservoir for zoonotic infection and as a susceptible host to infection by host-adapted variants. Historically, wild birds were considered to be a major source of Salmonella infection in livestock, but in recent years, it has been more apparent that birds are more likely to act as a reservoir for recycling infection on farms rather than as the primary source of infection. Birds may also transmit infection to humans directly from feces or indirectly through fecal contamination of foods, including peanut butter. While many bird species can be infected with Salmonella, the rates of infection are variable, and most cases lead to intestinal carriage rather than disease. In this case, fecal shedding of Salmonella bacteria from birds can represent a risk for transmission to humans. As such, care is needed when in contact with fecal material such as that found on bird tables or feeders. In recent years, there have been emergences of Salmonella Typhimurium genotypes associated with high mortality in songbirds or passerine birds, resulting in ‘die offs’ in Europe, Israel, New Zealand and the US. Additionally, S. typhimurium DT2 and other variant Copenhagen genotypes are associated with high mortality disease in pigeons. These genotypes show evidence of evolution towards adaptation to specific hosts, with pseudogenes leading to loss of functional metabolic pathways and specific virulence factors. These ‘signatures of adaptation’ are common in host-adapted Salmonella serovars and suggest these S. typhimurium isolates are evolving to adapt to specific avian hosts.

show abstract

Salmonella Abortusovis: An Epidemiologically Relevant Pathogen

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in animal patients and the hospital environment at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

Occurrence of Salmonella spp. in animal patients and the hospital environment at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

Infectious abortions in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula: Optimization of sampling procedures for molecular diagnostics

Salmonella and Salmonellosis in Wild Birds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About