Salmonella Alachua: causative agent of a foodborne disease outbreak

Almeida, Ivete Aparecida Zago Castanheira de; Peresi, Jacqueline Tanury Macruz; Alves, Elisabete Cardiga; Marques, Denise Fusco; Teixeira, Inara Siqueira de Carvalho; Silva, Sonia Izaura de Lima e; Pigon, Sandra Regina Ferrari; Tiba, Monique Ribeiro; Fernandes, Sueli Aparecida

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2014.12.006

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The link between poultry and salmonellosis in humans is well established and an outbreak have been reported in Brazil (De Almeida et al 2015). In addition, there are several TET+SUT 4 2 AZI+POL 1 2 AMO+TET 1 2 AZI+TET 1 2 CFE+CTF +AMO 1 4 CLO+AZI+TET+SUT 3 5 CFE+CTF+AMO+AZI+TET+SUT 1 7 CFE+CTF+AMO+GEN+CLO+TET+CIP+SUT 1 Total 9 profiles 31 CFE = Cephalexin, CTF = ceftiofur, AMO = amoxicillin, AMC = amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, TOB = tobramycin, GEN = gentamycin, CLO = chloramphenicol, AZI = azithromycin, TET = tetracycline, POL = polymyxin B, CIP = ciprofloxacin, SUT = sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from captured feral pigeons in Fortaleza, Brazil, and, in addition to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and diagnose diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Pigeons were captured in four public locations in Fortaleza with three techniques. Individual cloacal swab samples were collected and submitted to bacterial isolation, biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Disk diffusion technique was used with twelve antibiotics. E. coli strains were submitted to DNA extraction followed by PCR to diagnose five diarrheagenic pathotypes. A total of 124 birds were captured. One bird was positive for Salmonella enterica (0.81%) and 121 (97.58%) were positive for E. coli. Among these, 110 isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility test and 28.18% (31/110) presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance to azithromycin was the most frequent (21.82%), followed by tetracycline (10.91%) and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (8.9%). Multidrug resistance, calculated as a resistance to at least 3 antimicrobial classes, was identified in 3.64% (4/110) of strains. The maximum number of antimicrobial classes to which one strain was resistant was seven. Results demonstrated nine different resistance profiles and the most frequent was tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (4 strains), followed by chloramphenicol, azithromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (3 strains). Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and tobramycin presented lowest levels of antimicrobial resistance, to which none of the tested strains were resistant. A single strain was positive for the eltB gene, which is a diagnostic tool to identify the Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotype. None of the other investigated genes (stx1, stx2, estA, eaeA, ipaH, aatA and aaiC) were identified. The single isolate of S. enterica was a rough strain of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, but serotype identification was not possible. However, this isolate presented resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim. Therefore, captured feral pigeons of Fortaleza presented a low prevalence of S. enterica and diarrheagenic E. coli. Considering the investigated pathogens, our results suggest a good health status and a low public health risk. However, important antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…On the other hand, the transmission of Salmonella from poultry products to humans is well documented (PALMER et al, 2000;DE ALMEIDA et al, 2015;ELGROUD et al, 2015). In addition, the pathogenic potential of a Salmonella strain isolated from a pigeon has been demonstrated in experimentally infected poultry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feral pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli

et al. 2018

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This study aimed to review the scientific literature for information about free-living pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Rock doves are currently adapted to the urban environment and distributed all over the world. These birds carry microorganisms that are pathogenic for man and other animals, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Among these microorganisms, Salmonella is a pathogenic genus that cause severe economic losses and it is zoonotic, causing foodborne infections in humans. In addition, Escherichia coli is an worrisome species involved in the poultry industry. However, this micro-organism is also a risk to the public health, considering pathotypes that are known to cause diseases in man have been isolated from feral pigeons. The infections caused by these bacteria depend on virulence factors that provide the necessary tools to develop the disease. These factors are encoded by genes that may be found in pathogenicity islands inside the bacterial genome. In addition, pigeons may harbor antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, which may pass this characteristic to other strains, and present a risk to the public health as well. In conclusion, pigeons are reservoirs of strains of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli that may present high levels of resistance to antibiotics.

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“…enterica serovar Havana (10.8%), serovar Rissen, serovar Soerenga, and serovar Schwarzengrund (6.2%). These serovars have been associated with animal and human infections and outbreaks [42][43][44].…”

Section: Surveillance and Prevalence Of Salmonella In Animal Feedstuffsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preharvest Salmonella Risk Contamination and the Control Strategies

Zamora-Sanabria¹,

Alvarado²

2017

Current Topics in Salmonella and Salmonellosis

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Salmonella is present in most food production environments and can enter the food supply at any stage of food production from farm to fork. Control strategies for Salmonella include preharvest and postharvest aspects. Preharvest approach is very important because as a result of large-scale production, many animals could be infected with Salmonella serotypes during the primary production, causing human salmonellosis by consuming meat, milk, and eggs or foods containing ingredients of animal origin. The first step for prevention approaches is to determinate the source of infection; Salmonella serovars should be founded, and control strategies must be executed. Infection sources include vertical transmission, feed, pest (rodents and insects), wild birds, water, humans, manure, transportation coops, tractors or vehicles, and farm environment. Preventive and control strategies involve many factors, including hygiene, biosecurity procedures, animal feed surveillance, litter, manure and carcasses disposed, cleaning and disinfection programs, food interventions, diagnostic, and vaccination.

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Salmonella Alachua: causative agent of a foodborne disease outbreak

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil

Feral pigeons (Columba livia) as potential reservoirs of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli

Preharvest Salmonella Risk Contamination and the Control Strategies

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