Salmonella contamination of laying-hen flocks in two regions of Algeria

Bouzidi, Nardjess; Aoun, Leila; Zeghdoudi, Mourad; Bensouilah, Mourad; Elgroud, Rachid; Oucief, Ibtissem; Granier, Sophie A.; Brisabois, Anne; Desquilbet, Loïc; Millemann, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.05.027

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Results from samples of drinking fountain swabs analyzed by CB (3.0%) were similar to the percentage reported by Singh et al (2013), 3.3% from laying hens drinking water, however, superior to those found by Bouzidi et al (2012), 0.80%. Contamination levels of cage (16.4%) and drinking fountain (14.3%) swabs found by qPCR in this research strengthen the findings of Marin, Hernandiz & Lainez (2009), who believe in the ability of some serovars forming biofilm on the premises of commercial layer farms and that cleaning and disinfection procedures do not eliminate this microorganism.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

et al. 2016

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This present study was developed with the objective of detect Salmonella sp. by conventional bacteriology and qPCR techniques in samples of flooring material from transport crates (meconium); raising environment (swab of cages and drinking fountains); cloacal swab; food and insects from growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens. A total of 864 samples were collected, among whom 248 originated from growing, 392 from rearing and 224 from production phase. Among the 864 samples, 2,8% where positives in bacteriologic technique and 15.3% in qPCR. Contamination was higher in growing and rearing phases and declined in production phase. Twenty four isolations of Salmonella where typified as Salmonella Agona (41.7%), Salmonella Livingstone (33.3%), Salmonella Cerro (16.7%), Salmonella Senftenberg (4.2%) and Salmonella Schwarzengrund (4.2%). During growing phase Salmonella Livingstone was identified. These findings suggest vertical contamination in the group. During rearing and production phases, isolated materials belong to serovars Agona, Cerro, Senftenberg and Schwarzengrund, pointing to horizontal contamination. It is possible to conclude that both vertical and horizontal contaminations are important during the cycle of commercial egg production and contamination in rearing phase is higher than in growing and production phases.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

et al. 2016

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“…One reported superficial Salmonella contamination in ovine and bovine carcasses sampled from the slaughterhouse [26] but the remainder which include Salmonella tend to focus only on isolates from clinical or animal sources (essentially from broiler and/or laying-hen flocks) [10,[27][28][29]. To date, these studies have been reported information from various cities in Algeria, including Algiers, Boumerdes, TiziOuzou, Bouira, Bejaia, Constantine, Batna, Annaba and El Taref (Figure 1) and are summarized below [10,[28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Salmonellosis In Algeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, these studies have been reported information from various cities in Algeria, including Algiers, Boumerdes, TiziOuzou, Bouira, Bejaia, Constantine, Batna, Annaba and El Taref (Figure 1) and are summarized below [10,[28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Salmonellosis In Algeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Algerian perspective on non-typhoidal Salmonella infection

Djeghout

Ayachi

Paglietti

et al. 2017

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) represents a leading cause of food-borne disease worldwide. It is a global public health concern: more than 94 million cases and 115,000 deaths are reported every year, with a disproportionate impact in developing countries. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella strains is another major health concern which affects antimicrobial treatment, as many studies report that infections caused by MDR strains are more severe than those caused by susceptible strains. In Algeria, NTS represent one of the primary causes of salmonellosis in both humans and food animal production, especially poultry. Epidemiological surveillance systems and monitoring programs for Salmonella infections are essential requirements to provide data useful for the effective detection and control of Salmonella outbreaks. The present review will supply a perspective on NTS infection, pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance with a focus on the epidemiology of salmonellosis in Algeria.

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“…In field studies, the level of infection is commonly higher at the end of the laying period, although there can also be an early peak soon after the introduction of birds into the laying house (Davies and Carrique-Mas, 2011;Bouzidi et al, 2012), but detailed longitudinal studies on within-flock prevalence, ideally with quantification of shedding, are required to fully elucidate flock infection dynamics in actual farm conditions.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Salmonella Infection In the Laying Hen Flockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown an increased tendency for flocks to be identified as Salmonella positive as the birds become older (Garber et al, 2003;van de Giessen et al, 2006;Wales et al, 2007;Bouzidi et al, 2012;Roberts et al, 2013) especially if birds have been moulted (Golden et al, 2008) In most cases, the initial infection resulted from residual contamination of laying houses that spread to pullets that are suffering from transport, handling and relocation/remixing stress at a time when hormonal changes associated with the onset of lay are also increasing susceptibility to infection (Line et al, 1997). This leads to a typical early peak of infection within three weeks of housing (Humbert et al, 1995;Gradel et al, 2002) but laying flocks are rarely sampled at this time (16-19 weeks of age).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Detection Of Salmonella Infected Flocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of table eggs due to deterioration and development of pathogens

2014

EFSA Journal

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Salmonella Enteritidis is considered the only pathogen currently posing a major risk of egg-borne diseases in the European Union (EU). The possible impact of extending the shelf-life of eggs on the risk to consumers posed by S. Enteritidis was estimated by applying a quantitative model and comparing the actual situation regarding the storage of eggs in the EU with different possible scenarios combined, considering the prolongation of the bestbefore and the sell-by date from 7 to a maximum of 70 days. Extending the sell-by date by one week (from 21 to 28 days), but leaving the best-before date unchanged, is estimated to result in a relative risk of illness of 1.4 and 1.5 for uncooked and lightly cooked egg meals respectively, compared to the current situation. If the best-before date is also extended by one week (from 28 to 35 days), the relative risk would be 1.6 and 1.7. In the worst case scenario considered (sell-by date of 42 days, best before date of 70 days), such figures would be 2.9 and 3.5. It should be noted that the absolute risk is greater for uncooked meals compared to lightly cooked meals. An effective way to minimise any increase in risk during extended storage is to keep the eggs refrigerated both at retail and the household. Regarding egg spoilage, such events strongly depend on the hygienic conditions of egg production and practices of egg handling, including storage times and temperatures. Finally, the impact of the prolongation of storage time on the quality criteria for eggs (3-hydroxybutyric acid and lactic acid) destined for manufacturing of egg products is considered negligible. Specifically, EFSA was asked to assess: (i) the public health risk posed by relevant pathogens and in particular by Salmonella in the consumption and handling of table eggs (Term of Reference, or ToR1), (ii) the public health risk deriving from deterioration (ToR2) and (iii) possible consequences for public health of an extended shelf-life of table eggs for the specific freshness criteria for egg products as laid out in the hygiene package (ToR3). © European Food Safety Authority, 2014 KEY WORDSIn order to answer the first ToR, the BIOHAZ Panel based its conclusions on the results of a quantitative model, aimed at describing the behaviour of Salmonella Enteritidis following vertical transmission, since this serovar is recognised to be the major pathogen related to egg-borne disease because of its ability to contaminate the interior of intact eggs during their formation within the body of an infected hen. The possible impact of extending the shelf-life of eggs on other serovars of Salmonella, as well as on other pathogens, is evaluated in a qualitative manner, with no individual serovar other than S. Enteritidis currently posing a major risk of egg-borne salmonellosis in the European Union (EU), although S. Typhimurium has been associated with relatively small outbreaks due to duck eggs. Trans-shell contamination (i.e. secondary contamination) is also discussed, but the impact of a prolongation of the shelf ...

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Salmonella contamination of laying-hen flocks in two regions of Algeria

Cited by 26 publications

References 52 publications

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

An Algerian perspective on non-typhoidal Salmonella infection

Scientific Opinion on the public health risks of table eggs due to deterioration and development of pathogens

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