Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley intrauterine infection in a stillborn calf - case report

Jawor, Paulina; Stefaniak, Tadeusz; Sołtysiak, Zenon; Dzimira, Stanisław; Bednarski, Michał

doi:10.2754/avb201382040363

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Differences in IL-6 concentrations between groups were consistent for amniotic fluid, abomasal and plasma samples which may be due to bidirectional transfer of IL-6 between the dam and her fetus. Apart from one study, in which amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration from a calving with a Salmonella Stanley- infected dead calf [ 41 ] was 6-times higher than in live calves in the present study, there are no other bovine perinatal IL-6 studies. Thus the data generated here represent baseline values for IL-6 concentrations in newborn calves and their dams.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Perinatal immuno/inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of bovine fetal infection

2018

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BackgroundIt is known that the bovine fetus can mount an immune and inflammatory reaction to infection, but it is not known whether there is a contemporaneous maternal response. Nor is it known whether the response of calves which die perinatally, with or without infection, differs from that of live perinates. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine if acute phase reactant and immunoglobulin concentrations differed between calves (and their dams) in three groups: live calves (CC; n = 21) and dead calves with (PM INF+; n = 22) or without (PM INF-; n = 89) in utero infection. In calf plasma, serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, immunoglobulins M, G1 and G2 and interleukin-6 were measured. In dam serum, SAA and Hp was measured and in amniotic and abomasal fluid, IL-6 was measured.ResultsLive calves had higher plasma concentrations of SAA and IL-6 than dead calves with (PM INF+) or without (PM INF-) in utero infection. Calves in the PM INF-, but not PM INF+ group, had higher Hp concentrations than calves in the CC group. Calves in the PM INF+ group had higher IgG1 concentrations than calves in the PM INF- and CC groups. Except for higher IgG1 and IgG2 concentrations, biomarker values did not differ significantly between dead calves with or without in utero infection. Live calves had higher IL-6 concentrations in abomasal fluid compared to PM INF- calves. There were no significant differences in blood biomarker concentrations between dams of the three groups of calves. Amniotic fluid IL-6 concentrations were higher from the dams of control calves than the dams of uninfected calves.ConclusionsDifferences in biomarkers (higher Hp and IgG1; lower SAA and IL-6) between perinatal mortalities and live perinates probably reflect differences between these two groups in age at sampling (SAA and IL-6) and in utero infection (IgG1). Out of the six analytes measured in calves, only IgG1 and IgG2 were biomarkers of (chronic) in utero infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Perinatal immuno/inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of bovine fetal infection

2018

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“…These discrepancies were probably the result of different assays used for IL-6 estimation. Different detection methods, and the lack of references for IL-6 concentrations in cattle, impede the comparison of absolute IL-6 levels between studies (Jawor et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute phase response in the primiparous dairy cows after repeated percutaneous liver biopsy during the transition period

Jawor¹,

Brzozowska²,

Sloniewski³

et al. 2016

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute phase response of dairy cows to repeated liver biopsy in order to estimate the safety of this procedure during the transition period. Liver biopsies (up to 1000 mg of liver tissue) were conducted twice a day, 7 days before expected parturition and 3 days after calving. The number of needle insertions for each biopsy was recorded and was dependent on the amount of obtained tissue. Blood samples were taken on day 7 before expected parturition, then on days 3, 4, 7 and 14 after calving. Body temperature was measured daily in all 30 cows from day 3 until day 14 after calving. The concentrations of haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and interleukin-6 were determined in serum and plasma. In 16.7% of cows, the rectal body temperature rose by ≥ 0.5 o C on the day after liver biopsy. Although the concentrations of haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and fibrinogen increased significantly after calving (p<0.01), there was no influence of the number of biopsies on the acute phase reaction and repeated biopsy during the transition period had no effect on body temperature. Therefore, the procedure may be regarded as safe for cows during the transition period.

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“…Primary pathogens are capable of crossing the intact placenta and causing placentitis [26], foetopathy [27] or luteal regression [28] due to their intrinsic virulence in healthy cows and so often require a low infective dose. Primary pathogens are often associated with outbreaks of PM.…”

Section: Primary and Secondary Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. Dublin is more commonly detected in dairy than in suckler foetuses [38]. However, other species, e.g., S. Stanley, have also been detected in cases of PM [27].…”

Section: Salmonella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Infection and Immunity in Bovine Perinatal Mortality: Part 1. Causes and Current Diagnostic Approaches

Mee

Jawor

Stefaniak

2021

Animals

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While non-infectious causes are more commonly diagnosed in cases of bovine perinatal mortality (PM), the proportion caused by infections is highly variable between studies (~5–35%); the reasons for this variation, and possible underestimation, are discussed. The most important pathogen-specific infectious causes of PM are bacteria (in particular, Bacillus licheniformis and Leptospira spp.), viruses (in particular BVDv) and a parasite (Neospora caninum). However, co-infection may occur in a small proportion of cases and in many cases no single pathogen is detected but gross or microscopic lesions of an inflammatory response are identified. Diagnosis is complicated by the criteria required to establish exposure, infection and causation. Additionally, pathogens can be classified as primary or secondary though such differentiation can be arbitrary. The majority of infectious cases of PM are due to in utero infections but postnatal infections (0–2 days) can also cause PM. Diagnosis of infectious PM is based on a systematic investigation of the herd health history and dam and cohort sampling and examination of the perinate and its placenta. Gross and histopathologic examinations and maternal/herd and perinate serology form the basis of current infectious PM investigations.

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Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley intrauterine infection in a stillborn calf - case report

Abstract: The aim of this study was to report the response to a bacterial intrauterine infection in a calf. A stillborn calf, dam's blood and amniotic fluid were submitted for examination.

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Perinatal immuno/inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of bovine fetal infection

Perinatal immuno/inflammatory responses in the presence or absence of bovine fetal infection

Acute phase response in the primiparous dairy cows after repeated percutaneous liver biopsy during the transition period

Role of Infection and Immunity in Bovine Perinatal Mortality: Part 1. Causes and Current Diagnostic Approaches

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