Salmonella Serogroup C: Current Status of Vaccines and Why They Are Needed

Fuche, Fabien J.; Sow, Ousmane; Simon, Raphael; Tennant, Sharon M.

doi:10.1128/cvi.00243-16

Cited by 54 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Salmonella Kentucky ST198 is an emerging public health threat and is more commonly associated with clinical disease in humans in Europe and in people with a travel history to Africa and the Middle East. Salmonella Kentucky ST152, the serotype found in this study, is commonly isolated from healthy, asymptomatic poultry and cattle (CDC, ; CDC, ; Fuche, Sow, Simon, & Tennant, ; Vosik, Tewari, Dettinger, M'ikanatha, & Shariat ). While human cases of salmonellosis have been attributed to poultry‐associated ST152, its pathogenicity to humans is questionable, it has caused fewer cases of salmonellosis in humans compared to serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Newport and Heidelberg among others, and to date, it has not been associated with a large‐scale food‐borne outbreak of salmonellosis (Foley et al, ; Howe et al, ; Shah, Paul, Sischo, Crespo, & Guard, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Frequent human‐poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts

McDonagh

Leibler

Mukherjee

et al. 2018

Zoonoses and Public Health

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The backyard chicken (BYC) movement in the USA has increased human contact with poultry and subsequently, human contact with the pathogen Salmonella. However, to date, there have been few studies assessing prevalence of Salmonella in backyard flocks, despite the known public health risk this zoonotic bacterium poses. The objective of this study was to characterize human‐BYC interactions and assess the prevalence of Salmonella among BYC flocks. We interviewed 50 BYC owners using a structured questionnaire to determine flock and household characteristics that facilitate contact with BYC and that may be associated with Salmonella in the BYC environment. Composite faecal material, cloacal swabs and dust samples from 53 flocks housed on 50 residential properties in the Greater Boston, Massachusetts area were tested for Salmonella using standard culture techniques and confirmed using Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization‐Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer. Microbroth dilution and whole genome sequencing were used to determine phenotypic and genotypic resistance profiles, respectively, and sequence results were used to determine multilocus sequencing type. No owners self‐reported a diagnosis of salmonellosis in the household. Over 75% of a subset of owners reported that they and their children consider BYC pets. This perception is evident in how owners reported interacting with their birds. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype Kentucky ST152 (serogroup C)—a strain not commonly associated with human infection—was confirmed in one flock, or 2% of tested flocks, and demonstrated resistance to tetracycline and streptomycin. We detected Salmonella at low prevalence in BYC. Further study of the health effects of exposure to zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogens such as Salmonella among families with BYC is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Frequent human‐poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts

McDonagh

Leibler

Mukherjee

et al. 2018

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…Infantis as predominantly present in the poultry industry worldwide (Fuche et al . ) and cause substantial economic losses (Rajagopal and Mini ). In the United States, S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More than 2700 serotypes of Salmonella have been reported (Wu et al 2016). Studies have shown S. Infantis as predominantly present in the poultry industry worldwide (Fuche et al 2016) and cause substantial economic losses (Rajagopal and Mini 2013). In the United States, S.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and characterization of multidrug‐resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis as an emerging threat in poultry farms of Faisalabad, Pakistan

et al. 2019

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Aims The aim of this study was the molecular identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) isolated from poultry samples and their antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling. Methods and Results A total of 149 isolates, belonging to genus Salmonella, originally isolated from 340 suspected poultry post mortem specimens reported by us earlier were preliminary identified as Salmonella by biochemical methods and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction targeting genus‐specific gene invA. Targeting serovar‐specific gene fragment (fljB) resulted in confirmation of 54 isolates as S. Infantis which were further confirmed by sequencing of 16S RNA and fljB genes. Swimming and swarming motilities were detected in 98·1 and 11·1% isolates respectively. Phenotypic disc diffusion assay against 23 antimicrobial agents showed the highest resistance against pefloxacin (PEF) (94·4%), chloramphenicol (83·3%) and imipenem (77·7%) while 5·3% isolates showed extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase production. Fifty‐nine genes reported for antimicrobial resistance and 12 for conferring virulence were targeted. The most prevalent resistance gene for aminoglycosides was aadA (42·3%), for quinolone resistance determining region parE (62·5%), for penicillin's Int1 (62·9%), for chloramphenicol cat3 (66·1%) and for beta‐lactams blaTEM‐1 (44·4%). Among efflux pump coding genes, armA showed highest (74·2%) prevalence and for virulence, a high prevalence of SopE (89·2%) showed the zoonotic potential of the isolates. The activity of efflux pumps was detected through Ethidium Bromide‐agar method. Conclusions Poultry could act as reservoirs of multidrug resistance Salmonella. Significance and Impact of the Study We firstly report the prevalence and molecular characterization of virulence/drug resistance in S. Infantis from this region and the results may contribute to designing precisely targeted therapy. This study has also highlighted the possible emergence of S. Infantis with zoonotic potential.

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“…The areas where NTS disease is prevalent are located mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as in south Asian countries, because of poor health care systems, malnutrition, and possible zoonotic transmission (7)(8)(9). Through food contamination, episodic outbreaks are also reported in developed countries, which may be caused by other serogroups, including O:7 and O:8 (10)(11)(12)(13). In 2010, the estimated burden of NTS infection accounted for 93.8 million cases and 155,000 casualties (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination against Salmonella Infection: the Mucosal Way

Gayet¹,

Bioley²,

Rochereau³

et al. 2017

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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subspecies includes several serovars infecting both humans and other animals and leading to typhoid fever or gastroenteritis. The high prevalence of associated morbidity and mortality, together with an increased emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, is a current global health issue that has prompted the development of vaccination strategies that confer protection against most serovars. Currently available systemic vaccine approaches have major limitations, including a reduced effectiveness in young children and a lack of cross-protection among different strains. Having studied host-pathogen interactions, microbiologists and immunologists argue in favor of topical gastrointestinal administration for improvement in vaccine efficacy. Here, recent advances in this field are summarized, including mechanisms of bacterial uptake at the intestinal epithelium, the assessment of protective host immunity, and improved animal models that closely mimic infection in humans. The pros and cons of existing vaccines are presented, along with recent progress made with novel formulations. Finally, new candidate antigens and their relevance in the refined design of anti- vaccines are discussed, along with antigen vectorization strategies such as nanoparticles or secretory immunoglobulins, with a focus on potentiating mucosal vaccine efficacy.

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Salmonella Serogroup C: Current Status of Vaccines and Why They Are Needed

Cited by 54 publications

References 67 publications

Frequent human‐poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts

Frequent human‐poultry interactions and low prevalence of Salmonella in backyard chicken flocks in Massachusetts

Detection and characterization of multidrug‐resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis as an emerging threat in poultry farms of Faisalabad, Pakistan

Vaccination against Salmonella Infection: the Mucosal Way

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