Salmonella Typhimurium Vaccine to Control a Brazilian Salmonella Heidelberg Strain in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Foodborne Salmonella infections in humans, which results from the consumption of contaminated poultry meat and eggs, are a major public health concern. Vaccination of animals against Salmonella is one strategy to prevent these infections and reduce the risks to public health. Live attenuated Salmonella enterica vaccines can confer protection against salmonellosis by inducing both cell-mediated and mucosal immune responses. This study assessed a live, attenuated Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (ST) vaccine in broiler chickens against a heterologous challenge with Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) by evaluating bacterial quantification, immune cells infiltration, and cytokine gene expression in the cecum. The treatments were: T1, non-vaccinated, non-challenged; T2, non-vaccinated, SH-challenged; T3, ST-vaccinated and SH-challenged. At 28 days of age, the ST-vaccinated group had significantly recovered reduction of SH in the crop (P<0,01) and cecum (P = 0,021) compared to the non-vaccinated SH-challenged group, with no significant changes (P˃0,05) in macrophages, T CD4+, or T CD8+ cells dynamics during the same period. Aerosol vaccination on the first day promoted greater interleukin-12 expression in the liver (P<0,05) and interleukin-10 expression and T CD8+ cells in the ileum 16 hours after housing. After prime-boosted oral immunization on the 13th day, the vaccinated group had greater expression of macrophages and T CD4+ cells in the liver (P<0,05) than the control group. Two doses of a live ST-attenuated vaccine promoted a partial cross-protective effect against SH strain UFPR1 challenge in broilers.

Mannose-Modified Chitosan-Nanoparticle-Based Salmonella Subunit OralVaccine-Induced Immune Response and Efficacy in a Challenge Trial in Broilers

“…This may be due to the age difference between broilers and layers at the time of vaccination. The commercial vaccine failed to induce any pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokine production associated with poor T-cell responses in broilers [ 42 ].…”

A Comprehensive Review on Bacterial Vaccines Combating Antimicrobial Resistance in Poultry

“…Another study by Berghaus et al [ 74 ] reported that the use of a killed Salmonella vaccine reduced the incidence of Salmonella infection in broiler chicken flocks by more than 60%. Moreover, several previous studies recorded that the use of the Salmonella vaccine reduced the occurrence of Salmonella infections in poultry [ 33 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ].…”

Advances in enteropathogen control throughout the meat chicken production chain

“…Typhimurium ( Kogut et al, 2012) and S. Enteritidis (El-Ghany et al, 2012). Two studies found that a commercially available live-attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine can also protect against S. Heidelberg (Hayashi, Tujimoto-Silva, et al, 2018;Muniz et al, 2017), and a live-recombinant S. Enteritidis vaccine was also seen to protect against S. Heidelberg ( Yang et al, 2017). In two live vaccine studies, there was no protection against heterologous challenge (Penha et al, 2010;Wolfenden et al, 2010).…”

“…Salmonella 4 (Berghaus et al, 2011;El-Ghany et al, 2012;Kogut et al, 2012;Pavic et al, 2010) 0 8 (De Cort et al, 2013;De Cort et al, 2015;De Cort et al, 2014;Hayashi, Tujimoto-Silva, et al, 2018;Imre et al, 2015;Muniz et al, 2017;Penha et al, 2010;Rubinelli et al, 2015) 2 (Wolfenden et al, 2010;Yang et al, 2017) 1 (Chalghoumi et al, 2009) 1 (Dorea et Layton et al, 2011;Nothaft et al, 2017) 1 (Hermans et al, 2014) 0 ceca to below the detection limit (Annamalai et al, 2013;Layton et al, 2011), while the remainder saw reductions of 0.64-3 log 10 CFU/g cecal contents (Hodgins et al, 2015;Kobierecka et al, 2016;Neal-McKinney et al, 2014;Singh et al, 2019;Taha-Abdelaziz et al, 2018). Notably in one study, the combination of probiotics with a vaccine candidate led to an average ∼7 log 10 CFU/g reduction, with C. jejuni below detection levels in the majority of birds, significantly more effective than separate use of the vaccine or probiotics alone (2 log 10 CFU/g reduction and no change at all, respectively) (Nothaft et al, 2017).…”