Salt-affected soils under rice-based irrigation agriculture in southern Kazakhstan

Funakawa, Shinya; Suzuki, Reiji; Karbozova, Elmira; Kosaki, Takashi; Ishida, Norio

doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(00)00026-4

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…With rising demand for water resources, low irrigation water use efficiency will further cause waste of both energy and water resources, restrict water use by agriculture (Fedoroff et al 2010;Kendy et al 2004) and cause a series of ecological and environmental issues, such as falling ground water levels (Tamanyu et al 2009;Moiwo et al 2009) and land salinization (Funakawa et al 2000;Kitamura et al 2006). Fortunately, techniques with higher water use efficiency, such as micro-irrigation and sprinkle irrigation, can not only reduce water consumption and GHG emissions, but also alleviate the consequential soil salinization while maintaining high grain yields (Romero et al 2006;Rajak et al 2006;Yohannes and Tadesse 1998).…”

Section: The Importance Of Improving Water Use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural irrigation in China

Zou

Kuo

et al. 2013

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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Global change caused by increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission has become a common concern of the international community. As the largest emitter of GHGs and the second largest irrigator in the world, a clear understanding of how much GHG is emitted from irrigation in China is of great importance. But no previous studies address this question. So based on Chinese official statistical data, this study estimates GHG emissions from agricultural irrigation in order to inform strategies for reasonable use of water resources and emission reduction. The study finds that in 2010 the total carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) equivalent (CO 2 -e) emission from agricultural irrigation is 36.72~54.16 Mt. Emissions from energy activities in irrigation (including water pumping and conveyance) account for 50 %~70 % of total emissions from energy activities in the agriculture sector. Ground water pumping is the biggest emission source, accounting for 60.97 % of total irrigation emissions. Given the extent of global ground water over exploitation, balancing conservation and exploitation of ground water resources is very important to both emission reduction and sustainable development. The GHG emission intensity of irrigation depends largely on water use efficiency, so improvement of water use efficiency (both technical and managerial) can be an effective way to reduce emissions. Enhanced overall management of water utilization, balanced exploitation of water resources to avoid excessive ground water consumption, and active promotion of water use efficiency can contribute to reducing GHG emissions and pressure on water resources and advance sustainable agricultural production.

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Section: The Importance Of Improving Water Use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural irrigation in China

Zou

Kuo

et al. 2013

Mitig Adapt Strateg Glob Change

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“…Agriculture is primarily dependent on irrigation covering 96 per cent of arable land in Uzbekistan, 8 per cent in Khazkhastan, 78 per cent in Kyrgyzstan, and 100 per cent in Tadjikistan and Turkmenistan. Irrigation efficiency is low and salinization and desertification are the most severe problems throughout the region (Babaev, 1983Esenov and Redjepbaev, 1999;Funakawa et al, 2000). Increase in secondary salinization and desertification are strong indications that prevalent land use and management systems are unsustainable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon sequestration in soils of central Asia

Lal

2004

Land Degrad Dev

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Problems of frequent drought stress, low soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration, low aggregation, susceptibility to compaction, salinization and accelerated soil erosion in dry regions are accentuated by removal of crop residues, mechanical methods of seedbed preparation, summer clean fallowing and overgrazing, and excessive irrigation. The attendant soil degradation and desertification lead to depletion of SOC, decline in biomass production, eutrophication/pollution of waters and emission of greenhouse gases. Adoption of conservation agriculture, based on the use of crop residue mulch and no till farming, can conserve water, reduce soil erosion, improve soil structure, enhance SOC concentration, and reduce the rate of enrichment of atmospheric CO 2 . The rate of SOC sequestration with conversion to conservation agriculture, elimination of summer fallowing and growing forages/cover crops may be 100 to 200 kg ha À1 y À1 in coarse-textured soils of semiarid regions and 150 to 300 kg ha À1 y À1 in heavy-textured soils of the subhumid regions. The potential of soil C sequestration in central Asia is 10 to 22 Tg C y À1 (16 AE 8 Tg C y À1 ) for about 50 years, and it represents 20 per cent of the CO 2 emissions by fossil fuel combustion.

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“…The exchangeable cation K + was present in negligible concentrations. Because an increase in ECe and total soluble cations coincided with an increase in SAR, Na + was considered to be mainly responsible for salt accumulation in the surface paddy soils Kosaki 2007 andFunakawa et al 2000). Moreover, a highly significant positive correlation between the watersoluble cation Na + and water-soluble anion Cl -indicated the influence of NaCl from seawater on the ECe, ECw and total salt content (Haruyama et al 2006).…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The important role of elevation in salt accumulation in soils has been reported by many authors, including Funakawa et al (2000), Haruyama et al (2006), Funakawa and Kosaki (2007), Li et al (2007), Sugimori et al (2008), Zheng et al (2009) and Moral et al (2010). However, there is limited information on the influence of minor differences in elevation (on the scale of centimeters to decimeters) on soil salinization, especially for saline soils adjacent to lagoons, such as those in the Thua Thien Hue region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal variability in soil salinity and its effects on rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in the north central coastal region of Vietnam

Nguyen

Watanabe

Funakawa

2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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To better understand the adverse impacts of soil salinization and promote rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in crops from the north central coastal region of Vietnam, the spatiotemporal variability of soil salinity and its effects on rice production were investigated. Experiments were conducted at 19 plots widely distributed in the Quang Phuoc commune, in the Quang Dien district of the province of Thua Thien Hue in the north central coastal region of Vietnam. We determined the elevation of the 19 plots to evaluate the influence of elevation on salt accumulation. Soil samples from the 19 plots were collected in January, May and September 2012 and 2013 to study the spatiotemporal variability of salinity. A soil saturation paste was prepared and used to measure electrical conductivity (ECe). The elevation measurements obtained suggest that the research site could be divided into low-and high-elevation plots, with elevation of the low-elevation plots ranging from -0.52 to 0.07 m and the highelevation plots from 0.26 to 0.86 m (one of the sampling plot was designated with an elevation of 0 m and the elevations of the remaining 18 plots were measured relative to that). ECe was high at low elevations. In conclusion, although the differences in elevation between the 19 plots were very small (centimeters to decimeters), they still led to large differences in soil salinity levels. In the high-elevation plots, soils were irrigated with freshwater, thus maintaining low ECe levels throughout the year (< 1.0 dS m −1). In contrast, in the low-elevation plots, soils were subject to seawater intrusion, resulting in high ECe levels in all seasons (> 1.9 dS m −1 ). We recommend several solutions to limit the unfavorable effects of salinity and promote rice production. First, a comprehensive dike system should be constructed along the lagoon to prevent seawater intrusion onto land. Second, it will be necessary to construct adequate drainage facilities in the depressed areas to promote rapid water drainage into canals during and after flooding and irrigation. Third, because ECe was high from May to September, adequate fresh irrigation water should be frequently supplied to lower the ECe during this period.

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Salt-affected soils under rice-based irrigation agriculture in southern Kazakhstan

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural irrigation in China

Greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural irrigation in China

Carbon sequestration in soils of central Asia

Spatiotemporal variability in soil salinity and its effects on rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in the north central coastal region of Vietnam

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