Salt Effect in Vapor-Liquid Equilibria. Ethanol-Water Saturated with Potassium Nitrate.

Effect of Alkaline-Earth Chloride on Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of Acetic Acid-Water System.

“…There have been several publications (1,3,6,7,8,9) containing data for ternary systems of two liquid components and an inorganic salt whose solubility is considerably greater in one component than the other. The results of these studies have brought out interesting effects of salt addition such as increased relative volatilities (6, 8, 9), shifting of azeotropes (1), and in some instances, complete inversion of the binary systems (3).…”

Ethanol concentration of fermented broth by ohmic-assisted hydrodistillation

“…This temperature difference reduction can reduce the heat transfer rate in HD system based on Equation 1. In this study, temperature of beer increased during the come up time step from 31 to 93 °C and also in the boiling (distillation) step from 93 to 98 due to the increase in beer boiling point by evaporation of ethanol (Rieder and Thompson, 1950). In contrast, increasing beer temperature can enhance heating rate in OAHD due to increase of electrical conductivity of beer.…”

“…The heating process continued until the time that the boiling point of beer increased and reached 98°C. Therefore, according to the ethanol-water diagram, all the distillation experiments were continued to the same point in which the ethanol concentration of feed was reduced to a constant amount (Rieder and Thompson, 1950). As the distillation started, the amount of collected ethanol was recorded every 10 s using a digital scale (1000C-3000D Precisa, Switzerland).…”

A new process for fuel ethanol dehydration based on modeling the phase equilibria of the anhydrous MgCl2 + ethanol + water system

“…The VLE of various salts 1 ethanol 1 water systems have been published in the literatures. For example, Rieder and Thompson 26 and Vercher et al 27 studied the effect of KNO 3 on the VLE behavior of the ethanol 1 water system. Vercher et al measured the VLE data of the KAc 1 ethanol 1 water and KAc 1 NaAc 1 ethanol 1 water systems.…”