Salt Marsh Light Use Efficiency is Driven by Environmental Gradients and Species‐Specific Physiology and Morphology

Hawman, Peter A.; Mishra, Deepak R.; O’Connell, Jessica L.; Cotten, David L.; Narron, C. R.; Mao, Lishen

doi:10.1029/2020jg006213

Cited by 8 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 111 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Our controlled in situ measurements of leaf-scale ChlF provide fundamental information that can explain vertical differences in the PSII working mechanism and how they may drive ChlF-SIF-GPP relationship observed at longer temporal scales. Our results, which showed a greatly reduced φPSII with the closure of PSII reaction centers and stomata during tidal flooding, offer further explanation for the results observed by Nahrawi et al (2020) and Hawman et al (2021). Their studies showed a significant decline in CO 2 assimilation rates and light use efficiency (LUE) in S. alterniflora during tidal flooding from a flux tower scale.…”

Section: Future Applicationssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Hawman et al. (2021) further showed environmental factors, including air temperature, vapor pressure deficits, solar radiation, and tides affect LUE and GPP of S. alterniflora . All of those environmental variables could also be used in future studies to model and predict φPSII for marsh canopies so that φPSII predictions can be scaled to sites where in situ ChlF measurements are unavailable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their study may have overestimated the impact of tidal inundation because air‐exposed and partially submerged plants should experience less reductions in φPSII. Further, tides which completely submerge marsh plants are less common than partially flooded conditions (Hawman et al., 2021; Narron et al., 2022; O’Connell et al., 2017, 2019). Our ChlF measurements similarly suggested that TOC and BOC have independent and different responses of leaf photosynthesis during inundation, and is linked to tidal stage and amplitudes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average C burial rate of coastal salt marshes is as much as 1,713 g C m −2 yr −1 in sediment, ∼35 times higher than in terrestrial forests (McLeod et al., 2011), which provides the key scientific motivation to understand salt marsh productivity across space and time. Salt marshes experience periodic tidal flooding, which affects plant production (Hawman et al., 2021; O’Connell et al., 2021) and photosynthetic rates (Kathilankal et al., 2011). However, only a handful of studies have been conducted to understand photosynthetic behavior under flooded conditions within tidal marshes (Duarte et al., 2005; Kathilankal et al., 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthetic Performance of Tidally Flooded Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marshes

et al. 2023

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Tidal marshes are among the most productive ecosystems, and an important carbon (C) sink in the global carbon cycle (Bianchi, 2006). The average C burial rate of coastal salt marshes is as much as 1,713 g C m −2 yr −1 in sediment, ∼35 times higher than in terrestrial forests (McLeod et al., 2011), which provides the key scientific motivation to understand salt marsh productivity across space and time. Salt marshes experience periodic tidal flooding, which affects plant production (Hawman et al., 2021;O'Connell et al., 2021) and photosynthetic rates (Kathilankal et al., 2011). However, only a handful of studies have been conducted to understand photosynthetic behavior under flooded conditions within tidal marshes (Duarte et al., 2005;Kathilankal et al., 2008). Pezeshki et al. (1993) showed that a congener, Spartina patens, had a 46% reduction in rates of photosynthesis and 18% reduction in carbon assimilation under hypoxic (flooded) conditions in microcosm experiments. Kathilankal et al. (2008) used field measurements during tidal flooding to demonstrate a 66% reduction in photosynthetic activity of the submerged salt marsh plant,

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Section: Future Applicationssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photosynthetic Performance of Tidally Flooded Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marshes

et al. 2023

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“…Developed initially for terrestrial ecosystems, the EC technique is not yet widely applied in coastal wetland studies, where tidal and hydrological dynamics offer challenges (e.g. Barr et al, 2010;Forbrich and Giblin, 2015;Chu et al, 2021;Hawman et al, 2021;Hill et al, 2021). The knowledge gaps of CO 2 fluxes are particularly large for South America, where the great majority of EC studies are concentrated in the terrestrial ecosystems, with few studies performed in coastal wetlands (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt marsh-atmosphere CO2 exchanges in Patos Lagoon Estuary, Southern Brazil

et al. 2022

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Blue carbon ecosystems are recognized as carbon sinks and therefore for their potential for climate mitigation. While carbon stocks and burial rates have been quantified and estimated regionally and globally, there are still many knowledge gaps on carbon fluxes exchanged particularly at the interface vegetation-atmosphere. In this study we measured the atmospheric CO2 concentrations in a salt marsh located in the Patos Lagoon Estuary, southern Brazil. Eddy correlation techniques were applied to account for the CO2 exchange fluxes between the vegetation and the atmosphere. Our dataset refers to two sampling periods spanning from July up to November 2016 and from January to April 2017. By using time series analysis techniques including wavelet and cross-wavelet analysis, our results show the natural cycles of the CO2 exchanges variability and the relationship of these cycles with other environmental variables. We also present the amplitudes of the salt marsh-atmosphere CO2 fluxes’ diurnal cycle for both study periods and demonstrate that the CO2 fluxes are modulated by the passage of transient atmospheric systems and by the level variation of surrounding waters. During daytime, our site was as a CO2 sink. Fluxes were measured as -6.71 ± 5.55 μmol m-2 s-1 and -7.95 ± 6.44 μmol m-2 s-1 for the winter-spring and summer-fall periods, respectively. During nighttime, the CO2 fluxes were reversed and our site behaved as a CO2 source. Beside the seasonal changes in sunlight and air temperature, differences between the two periods were marked by the level of marsh inundation, winds and plant biomass (higher in summer). The net CO2 balance showed the predominance of the photosynthetic activity over community respiration, indicating the role of the salt marsh as a CO2 sink. When considering the yearly-averaged net fluxes integrated to the whole area of the Patos Lagoon Estuary marshes, the total CO2 sink was estimated as -87.6 Mg C yr-1. This paper is the first to measure and study the vegetation-atmosphere CO2 fluxes of a salt marsh environment of Brazil. The results will contribute to the knowledge on the global carbon budget and for marsh conservation and management plans, including climate change policies.

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Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and Fluxes

Bansal,

Creed,

Tangen

et al. 2023

Wetlands

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Wetlands cover a small portion of the world, but have disproportionate influence on global carbon (C) sequestration, carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and aquatic C fluxes. However, the underlying biogeochemical processes that affect wetland C pools and fluxes are complex and dynamic, making measurements of wetland C challenging. Over decades of research, many observational, experimental, and analytical approaches have been developed to understand and quantify pools and fluxes of wetland C. Sampling approaches range in their representation of wetland C from short to long timeframes and local to landscape spatial scales. This review summarizes common and cutting-edge methodological approaches for quantifying wetland C pools and fluxes. We first define each of the major C pools and fluxes and provide rationale for their importance to wetland C dynamics. For each approach, we clarify what component of wetland C is measured and its spatial and temporal representativeness and constraints. We describe practical considerations for each approach, such as where and when an approach is typically used, who can conduct the measurements (expertise, training requirements), and how approaches are conducted, including considerations on equipment complexity and costs. Finally, we review key covariates and ancillary measurements that enhance the interpretation of findings and facilitate model development. The protocols that we describe to measure soil, water, vegetation, and gases are also relevant for related disciplines such as ecology. Improved quality and consistency of data collection and reporting across studies will help reduce global uncertainties and develop management strategies to use wetlands as nature-based climate solutions.

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Salt Marsh Light Use Efficiency is Driven by Environmental Gradients and Species‐Specific Physiology and Morphology

Cited by 8 publications

References 111 publications

Photosynthetic Performance of Tidally Flooded Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marshes

Photosynthetic Performance of Tidally Flooded Spartina Alterniflora Salt Marshes

Salt marsh-atmosphere CO2 exchanges in Patos Lagoon Estuary, Southern Brazil

Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and Fluxes

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