Salt marsh restoration with sediment-slurry application: Effects on benthic macroinvertebrates and associated soil–plant variables

Tong, Chunfu; Baustian, Joseph J.; Graham, Sean A.; Mendelssohn, Irving A.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.010

Cited by 42 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…The results of this study provide a clearer picture of how much salt marsh an upland protection strategy will help create and where these salt marshes are most likely to be created. While protecting uplands adjacent to these wetlands remains a key strategy for sea level rise adaptation planning, additional, complementary strategies [51], [63], [64] are needed to help mitigate continuing estuarine wetland losses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Phragmites australis in Mediating Inland Salt Marsh Migration in a Mid-Atlantic Estuary

Smith

2013

PLoS ONE

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Many sea level rise adaptation plans emphasize the protection of adjacent uplands to allow for inland salt marsh migration, but little empirical information exists on this process. Using aerial photos from 1930 and 2006 of Delaware Estuary coastal habitats in New Jersey, I documented the rate of coastal forest retreat and the rate of inland salt marsh migration across 101.1 km of undeveloped salt marsh and forest ecotone. Over this time, the amount of forest edge at this ecotone nearly doubled. In addition, the average amount of forest retreat was 141.2 m while the amount of salt marsh inland migration was 41.9 m. Variation in forest retreat within the study area was influenced by variation in slope. The lag between the amount of forest retreat and salt marsh migration is accounted for by the presence of Phragmites australis which occupies the forest and salt marsh ecotone. Phragmites expands from this edge into forest dieback areas, and the ability of salt marsh to move inland and displace Phragmites is likely influenced by salinity at both an estuary-wide scale and at the scale of local subwatersheds. Inland movement of salt marsh is lowest at lower salinity areas further away from the mouth of the estuary and closer to local heads of tide. These results allow for better prediction of salt marsh migration in estuarine landscapes and provide guidance for adaptation planners seeking to prioritize those places with the highest likelihood of inland salt marsh migration in the near-term.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Phragmites australis in Mediating Inland Salt Marsh Migration in a Mid-Atlantic Estuary

Smith

2013

PLoS ONE

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“…where S is the total number of species in a sampling plot and C i and C are the number of individuals of species i and all species in the sampling plot, respectively. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to examine potential relationships between macrobenthos and environmental factors [25]. All possible correlations were ran between macrobenthic variables (biomass, density, species richness (S), H 0 and E) and environmental factors (WD, PS, plant coverage, AB and BB, soil pH, WC, BD, porosity, TN, TC, OM, P, and SH).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences and Implications of Anthropogenic Desalination of Salt Marshes on Macrobenthos

Cui

Xie

et al. 2015

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Coastal wetlands are important natural habitats. Wetland restoration and creation projects are often conducted, in part to mitigate for habitat loss, but the factors leading to the success of such projects are not fully understood. A management project was examined in the Yellow River Delta Natural Nature Reserve where large impounded salt marshes were flooded with freshwater with the goal of creating fresh marsh habitat. Areas flooded with freshwater had greater water depth, lower salinity, and bulk density, and more porous and softer soils than unmanipulated areas. The freshwater plant Phragmites australis replaced the salt marsh species Suaeda salsa and Tamarix chinensis at high elevations, but flooding with freshwater led to an extinction of plants at middle elevations. Freshwater flooding reduced densities and the diversity of macrobenthos in high marsh, and macrobenthos were almost absent in the middle marsh. There was no overlap of macrobenthic species between treated and control areas, and the macrobenthic species richness in treated areas was very low. The results suggest that this management technique is more likely to achieve its goals at higher marsh elevations. The success of future projects may be improved by selecting high elevation sites or improving techniques to better reduce salinities in middle elevation sites. As the project replaced salt marshes with fresh marshes that are only partially functional, future projects of this type should only proceed after identifying better techniques that will produce better results.

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“…(), and Tong et al. (). In some cases, facilitated or assisted migration of plant and animal species may be necessary to support coastal adaptation in areas with substantial built infrastructure (Smith and Lenhart , Doyle et al.…”

Section: Swi Restoration Goals and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restore or retreat? saltwater intrusion and water management in coastal wetlands

White

Kaplan

2017

Ecosyst Health Sustain

168

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Coastal wetlands perform a unique set of physical, chemical, and biological functions, which provide billions of dollars of ecosystem services annually. These wetlands also face myriad environmental and anthropogenic pressures, which threaten their ecological condition and undermine their capacity to provide these services. Coastal wetlands have adapted to a dynamic range of natural disturbances over recent millennia, but face growing pressures from human population growth and coastal development. These anthropogenic pressures are driving saltwater intru sion (SWI) in many coastal systems. The position of coastal wetlands at the terrestrial-marine interface also makes them vulnerable to increasing rates of sea level rise and changing climate. Critically, anthropogenic and natural stressors to coastal wetlands can act synergistically to create negative, and sometimes catastrophic, consequences for both human and natural systems. This review focused on the drivers and impacts of SWI in coastal wetlands and has two goals: (1) to synthesize understanding of coastal wetland change driven by SWI and (2) to review approaches for improved water management to mitigate SWI in impacted systems. While we frame this review as a choice between restoration and retreat, we acknowledge that choices about coastal wetland management are context-specific and may be confounded by competing management goals. In this setting, the choice between restoration and retreat can be prioritized by identifying where the greatest return in ecosystem services can be achieved relative to restoration dollars invested. We conclude that restoration and proactive water management is feasible in many impacted systems.

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Salt marsh restoration with sediment-slurry application: Effects on benthic macroinvertebrates and associated soil–plant variables

Cited by 42 publications

References 61 publications

The Role of Phragmites australis in Mediating Inland Salt Marsh Migration in a Mid-Atlantic Estuary

The Role of Phragmites australis in Mediating Inland Salt Marsh Migration in a Mid-Atlantic Estuary

Consequences and Implications of Anthropogenic Desalination of Salt Marshes on Macrobenthos

Restore or retreat? saltwater intrusion and water management in coastal wetlands

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