Salt screening analysis for reverse electrodialysis

Abstract

Gray: salts with OCVth < NaCl; red: salts with OCVth > NaCl and high hazard potential; yellow: salts with OCVth > NaCl, low hazard potential, expensive; green: promising salts in terms of OCVth, hazard potential and cost.

In Situ Regulation of MnO2 Structural Characteristics by Oxyanions to Boost Permanganate Autocatalysis for Phenol Removal

“…Ionic potential (IP), a parameter for measuring the strength of ionic electric field, reflects the mobility of the oxyanion in water solution. Many studies have clearly demonstrated that the surface complexation behavior of oxyanions to contact with solid surface is highly associated with their IP. , The IP values of CH 3 COO – , HCO 3 – , MoO 4 2– , and HPO 4 2– are between those of NO 3 – and SO 4 2– (Table S6), and these oxyanions tend to connect with MnO 2 to activate Mn(VII). The enhancing performances of oxyanions for phenol removal increased linearly with their IP values (Figure e), indicating that an appropriate polarity facilitates the adsorption of oxyanions by MnO 2 .…”

Laser‐Assisted Scalable Pore Fabrication in Graphene Membranes for Blue‐Energy Generation

“…[3][4][5][6][7] The PRO is based on water selective transport [8] whereas the RED relies on ion-selective transport. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] A wide range of membrane materials has been demonstrated so far for SGE, including polymeric membranes, [11][12][13] solid-state metal oxides membranes, [6,7] hybrid composite membranes, [13,14,[19][20][21] and metal-organic composite membranes. [15] Recently, the low-dimensional materials such as Graphene, [14,15] and MoS 2 [16][17][18] show high energy extraction efficiencies that are several orders of magnitude higher compared to the conventional membranes because of the ion transport through these membrane scales with membrane thickness and surface charge density.…”

“…The pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are the two most focused membrane‐based technology in harnessing blue energy [3–7] . The PRO is based on water selective transport [8] whereas the RED relies on ion‐selective transport [9–15] . A wide range of membrane materials has been demonstrated so far for SGE, including polymeric membranes, [11–13] solid‐state metal oxides membranes, [6,7] hybrid composite membranes, [13,14,19–21] and metal‐organic composite membranes [15] .…”