Salt Sensitivity of Japanese from the Viewpoint of Gene Polymorphism

Katsuya, Tomohiro; Ishikawa, Kazuhiko; Sugimoto, Ken; Rakugi, Hiromi; Ogihara, Toshio

doi:10.1291/hypres.26.521

Cited by 163 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In fact, as an ancestral gene 28 in RAAS, the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene has been considered as a thrifty gene. 28,[38][39][40] In the present study, we chose the ACE gene, another ancestral hypertension susceptibility gene in RAAS, to explore the evolutionary ecological evidence for the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis within the framework of spatial genetics and spatial ecology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Sun

Jin

et al. 2011

Eur J Hum Genet

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As JV Neel put forward the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis, many researches tend to support this hypothesis involved in the regulation of energy balance. However, the phrase could equally well encapsulate broader traits and the forms of thrift should be multiple. In particular, genes involved in the regulation of water and sodium balance may also be excellent candidates as thrifty genes. In the present study, we selected the ancestral D allele of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene, a key gene involved in water and sodium balance regulation, as a candidate to confirm the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis in the framework of evolutionary ecology. On the basis of our compiled worldwide spatial genetics database of I/D frequency of ACE gene and spatial climate database, using techniques of spatial statistics, we found (1) an obvious decreasing geographic genetic cline following the route of out-of-Africa expansion from East Africa, (2) a positive association between D allele and synthetic temperature factor, (3) and a negative relationship between D allele and synthetic humidity factor that covered most regions of the world, and obvious spatial dependence between D allele and these two climate factors followed the route of out-of-Africa expansion from Africa. This suggested that D allele of ACE gene is not only plastic in response to its environmental circumstance but also presents a striking geographic distribution showing the evidence of 'signatures of selection' by climate factors. Thus, it can be identified as a thrifty allele and could provide a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the 'thrifty genotype' hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Worldwide spatial genetic structure of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: a new evolutionary ecological evidence for the thrifty genotype hypothesis

Sun

Jin

et al. 2011

Eur J Hum Genet

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“…As a consequence, van Rijn et al [69] found an association between the AGT TT genotype and atherosclerosis and white matter lesions (WML). In addition, the AGT 235T allele has been reported to contribute to salt sensitivity [70] . However, the effect of the AGT gene polymorphism on the risk of ischemic stroke remains controversial [71] .…”

Section: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of stroke

Guo

Liu

2010

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Stroke is the second most common cause of death and the most common cause of disability in developed countries. Stroke is a multifactorial disease caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Numerous epidemiologic studies have documented a significant genetic component in the occurrence of strokes. Genes encoding products involved in lipid metabolism, thrombosis, and inflammation are believed to be potential genetic factors for stroke. Although a large group of candidate genes have been studied, most of the epidemiological results are conflicting. Studies of stroke as a monogenic disease have made huge progress, and animal models serve as an indispensable tool to dissect the complex genetics of stroke. In the present review, we provide insight into the role of in vivo stroke models for the study of stroke genetics.

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“…What is known about this topic K Renin-angiotensin system polymorphisms are genetic determinants of essential hypertension and end-organ damage 12 K Renin-angiotensin system polymorphisms are associated with salt sensitivity, but the results obtained are controversial 3-5 K The polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AGTR2) gene which is located on X chromosome is associated with hypertension 6,7 What this study adds K Significant linear increases in both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are associated with increased salt intake in the subjects with the A genotype, but not in those with the C genotype of AGTR2 K Subjects with the A genotype of AGTR2 have a significantly higher risk for hypertension than those with the C genotype in the fourth quartile of daily sodium intake (the highest group), while the odds ratios in the first, second, and third quartiles were not significant…”

Section: Summary Of the Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5] With regard to the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AGTR2) gene, some studies examined the relationship between AGTR2 gene polymorphisms and hypertension, 6,7 but there are no studies investigating the relationship between the polymorphisms and salt sensitivity to our knowledge.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%