Salvageability of kidney in Grade IV renal trauma by minimally invasive treatment methods: A tertiary care single institute experience

Abstract

Context:Renal trauma is increasingly being managed conservatively. Grade I-III injuries are managed conservatively whereas Grade V injuries may end in surgery. Managing Grade IV renal trauma is individualized and managed accordingly.Aims:To evaluate retrospectively all Grade IV renal injuries managed in our institute over five years and to review the available literature.Settings and Design:Reviewing the records of patients who sustained renal trauma and study all Grade IV renal injuries.Materials and Methods:We retrospectively analyzed all Grade IV renal injuries (16) managed at our institute between July 2008-August 2013. All patients were treated conservatively initially by hemodynamic stabilization, strict bed rest, if required endoscopic procedures. These patients were followed up with CECT.Statistical analysis:Descriptive statistics was performed using Microsoft excel spreadsheet 2007. Continuous data were described as mean and range. Categorical data was described as percentages.Results:Sixteen patients with Grade IV renal injury were included in the study. All patients had gross hematuria and 15 had urinary extravasation. D-J Stenting was done in 7 patients; perinephric tube drainage with D-J stentingwas done in 2 patients. One required selective upper pole arterial embolisation. Nephrectomy was not required in any of the patients. In the follow-up period, no patient had delayed complications.Conclusions:Successful conservative management of Grade IV renal trauma requires constant monitoring both clinically and radiologically, and if properly managed, kidneys can be salvaged in all stable patients as reinforced by our study.

Incidence of urinary extravasation and rate of ureteral stenting after high-grade renal trauma in adults: a meta-analysis

“…Twenty-four studies contained information, which could be used to calculate urinary extravasation rates ( 2 , 6 , 8 - 29 ). A total of 20 studies contained enough information to calculate ureteral stenting rates for urinary extravasation ( 2 , 8 , 9 , 11 - 15 , 18 - 21 , 23 - 25 , 29 - 33 ). Three studies were only used to calculate stenting rates without containing information to calculate incidence of urinary extravasation ( 30 - 32 ).…”

“…In 5 studies ( 9 , 15 , 18 , 20 , 22 ), rates of urinary extravasation were only available for patients with grade IV injuries and in 6 studies ( 6 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 19 , 26 ) this rate was only available for grade IV–V injuries combined. The other studies included sufficient detail to calculate rates for different combinations of renal injury grades ( Table 1 ).…”

Outcomes of Renal Trauma in Indian Urban Tertiary Healthcare Centres: A Multicentre Cohort Study

“…Several recent studies from India and other low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) have also described renal trauma management with a nonoperative approach but these are all single centre studies with small sample sizes [12][13][14]. We used a large trauma cohort encompassing four public urban tertiary healthcare centres in India [15] to characterise patients with renal trauma and observe their management and outcomes.…”