“…In line with the research of Fassnacht and Unterhuber (2016), consumers' response to price labeling strategy in online/offline channels is different. Moreover, even though some previous research has considered commodity price levels as an important factor (Kwortnik et al, 2006;Yao and Oppewal, 2016b;Ohlwein, 2022aOhlwein, , 2022b, the way they define low-, middle-and high-price levels is ambiguous. Thus, it is hard for retail managers to figure out to which level their products' price levels belong.…”