Same-Sex Couples and the Police: A 10-Year Study of Arrest and Dual Arrest Rates in Responding to Incidents of Intimate Partner Violence

Hirschel, David; McCormack, Philip D.

doi:10.1177/1077801220920378

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(116 reference statements)

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“…In other instances of IPV, the couple was simply threatened with dual arrest due to the inability of officers to correctly determine the identity of the perpetrator. This tendency is consistent with a recent analysis that revealed disparate outcomes for IPV events between same-sex romantic partners, as officers were significantly more likely to enact dual arrests relative to IPV between heterosexual couples (Hirschel and McCormack 2020). In one such instance, Andy, a 24-year-old lesbian, called the police after being choked by her partner.…”

Section: The Impact Of Lgbtq Identities On Interactions With Policesupporting

confidence: 89%

Stonewalling in the Brick City: Perceptions of and Experiences with Seeking Police Assistance among LGBTQ Citizens

Shields

2021

Social Sciences

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Extant research has documented police interactions between racial and ethnic minority populations, including negative perceptions of and experiences with the police; police corruption and misconduct; and the deleterious effects of negative relationships with the police, such as reduced legitimacy and mistrust. Comparatively, exchanges between lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and queer (LGBTQ) populations and the police have received limited attention. This is despite work suggesting that LGBTQ citizens face an elevated risk of victimization, and a possible reticence in reporting their victimization, resulting from negative perceptions of police, fear of mistreatment, or even experiences of harassment and abuse by police. To extend the research in this area, I analyze 12 focus groups with LGBTQ participants (N = 98) in an urban setting to examine the circumstances in which LGBTQ people would seek assistance from the police, when they would avoid doing so, and their justifications for avoiding or contacting the police. I also considered intersectionality in shaping police–citizen interactions between sexual and/or gender minority citizens of color, as the sample was almost exclusively LGBTQ persons of color. I conclude by discussing implications for policing practices and policies.

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Section: The Impact Of Lgbtq Identities On Interactions With Policesupporting

confidence: 89%

Stonewalling in the Brick City: Perceptions of and Experiences with Seeking Police Assistance among LGBTQ Citizens

Shields

2021

Social Sciences

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“…This may be in part because police tended to see two people of the same gender as equals in the relationship (Frierson, 2014; Hereth, 2021; Walker, 2021). However, there was conflicting evidence regarding whether abuse in same‐gender couples is overall less likely to result in arrest (Hirschel & McCormack, 2021; Messing et al., 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of policing and coercive control in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus intimate relationships

Jennings‐Fitz‐Gerald,

Smith,

Hilton

et al. 2024

Sociology Compass

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Coercive control is a form of intimate partner violence (IPV) that encompasses non‐physical behaviors used to constrain and entrap a partner. Coercive control is especially relevant to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus (LGBTQ+) relationships when abusers target the gender and sexual identity of their partners. Victim‐survivors, community members, and service providers often struggle to identify and intervene with this form of abuse. The role of police responding to coercive control is poorly understood, despite laws and calls to criminalize coercive control. Police responses to physical abuse in LGBTQ + relationships have caused harm, and it is important to extend this knowledge to police responses to coercive control. We conducted a systematic scoping review of international academic and gray literature sources published from 2014 through 2022 on the topic of policing coercive control within LGBTQ+ intimate relationships. We identified four interrelated policing themes across 35 sources: (1) reluctance to seek help from the police, (2) low rates of reporting abuse to police, (3) police actions following reports of IPV and coercive control, and (4) police harassment and violence increasing the experience of coercive control. Our review confirms that more research is needed on LGBTQ+ survivors of coercive control and their help‐seeking, as laws and calls to criminalize coercive control may not benefit LGBTQ+ communities.

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“…Differences in rates of IPV among SMW may be explained in part by demographic factors. Hirschel and McCormack (2021) analyzed more than 2.5 million cases of IPV reported to law enforcement in the United States and found that female–female couples involved in these incidents were significantly younger than male–male and male–female couples. Steele et al (2020) and others (Barrientos et al, 2018; Descamps et al, 2000) found that SMW who report IPV tend to have lower income and educational levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual Minority Women: A Scoping Review

Porsch

Veldhuis

et al. 2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is prevalent among sexual minority women (SMW). However, compared to IPV research with heterosexual women and other LGBTQ+ population groups, SMW are understudied. We conducted a scoping review to examine the current state of knowledge about IPV among SMW, and to identify gaps and directions for future research. A search of Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases returned 1,807 papers published between January 2000 and December 2021. After independent reviewers screened these papers for relevance, 99 were included in the final review. Papers were included if they used quantitative methods and reported IPV data on adult SMW separately from other groups. Findings confirmed high rates of IPV among SMW and highlighted groups with particular vulnerabilities, including non-monosexual women and SMW of color. Risk factors for IPV in this population include prior trauma and victimization, psychological and emotional concerns, substance use, and minority stressors. Outcomes include poor mental and physical health. Findings related to the effects of minority stressors on IPV and comparisons across sexual minority groups were inconsistent. Future research should focus on IPV perpetration; mechanisms underlying risk for IPV, including structural-level risk factors; and understanding differences among SMW subgroups.

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Same-Sex Couples and the Police: A 10-Year Study of Arrest and Dual Arrest Rates in Responding to Incidents of Intimate Partner Violence

Cited by 13 publications

References 74 publications

Stonewalling in the Brick City: Perceptions of and Experiences with Seeking Police Assistance among LGBTQ Citizens

Stonewalling in the Brick City: Perceptions of and Experiences with Seeking Police Assistance among LGBTQ Citizens

A scoping review of policing and coercive control in lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus intimate relationships

Intimate Partner Violence Among Sexual Minority Women: A Scoping Review

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